京粤两地监狱人民警察心理卫生状况比较

目的了解和对比北京市和广东省两地的监狱人民警察(以下分别简称为"京警"和"粤警")的心理卫生状况。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)分别对836名京警和978名粤警进行问卷调查。结果①两地狱警的SCL-90的各项因子分及总分均明显高于全国常模(P均<0.001),京警的SCL-90各因子分及总分明显高于粤警(P<0.001);②心理障碍的检出率京警为21.05%,粤警为14.00%,二者之间无统计学差异(χ2=15.6658,P>0.05);③从警时间在11～20年的京警的SCL-90得分高于从警时间≤10年和>20年的(F=4.192,P=0.015);≤35岁的粤警的躯体化得分高于>35岁的(P=2.08),人际关系、焦虑和敌对性3个因子得分则低于≤35岁组(P均<0.05);④女性京警的SCL-90各因子得分及总分低于男性,但在躯体化、强迫、焦虑、敌对(t=0.002)、偏执、精神病性和其他,以及总分方面有统计学差异(P<0.05),女性粤警仅在敌对性一个因子的得分低于男性;⑤一线京警SCL-90的各因子分和总分明显高于二线(P<0.001);从事后勤工作的粤警,其躯体化(F=3.48)、敌对性(F=4.11)、恐怖(F=4.38)、精神病性(F=2.39)和总分(F=3.19)得分高于办公室和监区的粤警(P<0.05),监区粤警的敌对性(F=0.02)得分高于办公室(P<0.05)。结论两地狱警的心理卫生状况普遍不如全国常模,而且存在地区差异,京警的情况更差;两地狱警的心理卫生状况不佳与年龄、警龄、性别和工作性质有关。

Differences of Mental Health Situation between the Judicial Policesin Beijing and Guangdong

Objective To comprehend and compare the mental health situation between the judicial polices in Beijing and Guangdong.Methods With SCL-90 to investigated the judicial polices with questionnaire the number was 836 in Beijing as well as 978 in Guangdong.Results ①The whole scores and scores for respective factors which had been got from SCL-90 were significantly higher than scores from normal model in China(P<0.001).The whole scores and scores for respective factors got from judicial polices in Beijing were distinctively higher than scores from their colleagues in Guangdong(P<0.001).②The rate of mental handicap happened on judicial polices in Beijing was 21.05%,the same rate in Guangdong was 14.00%(χ2=15.6658,P>0.05).③The SCL-90 scores got from judicial polices in Beijing,who had been working from 11 to 20 years,were higher than those who had been working below 10 years or above 20 years(F=4.192,P=0.015).Compared judicial polices aged below 35 years with their colleagues above 35 in Guangdong,the fromer were higher than the latter in somatization,and lower than the latter in interpersonal sensitivity,anxiety,hostility(P<0.05).④ For female judicial polices in Beijing,the whole scores and scores for respective factors from SCL-90 were lower than male in somatization,obsession,anxiety,hostility,paranoid,psychotic,other and the whole score(P<0.05).Hostility score(t=2.25,P=0.02) got from female judicial polices in Guangdong was lower than male.⑤ For judicial polices who correct prisoner directly in Beijing,the whole scores and scores for respective factors from SCL-90 were distinctively higher than those working in office(P<0.001).For judicial polices doing the service job in Guangdong,the whole scores(F=3.19) and scores for respective factors as somatization(F=3.48),hostility(F=4.11),Phobic(F=4.38),Psychotic(F=2.39)were higher than those doing office job.Conclusion The situation of mental health is not fine in Beijing and Guangdong;and the situation in Beijing is worse than that in Guangdong;The mental health has relations with age,working period,sex and job kind.It is wise to attach more attention to mental health of judicial police.