父母教养方式、人格与自尊的关系研究

目的探讨父母教养方式、人格与大学生自尊的关系。方法采用父母教养方式评价量表(EMBU)修订中文版、艾森克人格问卷简式量表中国版(EPQ-RSC)、自尊量表(SES)对260名大学生进行施测。结果①父母情感温暖理解、人格中的内外向维度与自尊呈显著正相关;②父亲拒绝否认、过度保护、母亲拒绝否认、惩罚严厉、人格中的神经质维度与自尊呈显著负相关;③结构方程模型分析表明,父亲教养方式对自尊的直接效应不显著(路径系数为0.13),父亲教养方式对人格的直接效应显著(路径系数为-0.34,P<0.01),人格对自尊的直接效应显著(路径系数为0.62,P<0.001)。而母亲教养方式对自尊的直接效应和对人格的直接效应均不显著。结论人格在父亲教养方式与自尊之间起完全中介作用,父亲教养方式能够通过影响人格的塑造而促进个体自尊水平的提高。

Relationship among Parenting Styles,Personality and Self-esteem

Objective To explore the relationship among parenting styles,personality and self-esteem.Methods A total of 260 college students in Fujian province were randomly selected and assessed with the EMBU,EPQ-RSC,and SES.Results ①College students＇ self-esteem was correlated with parents＇ emotional care and extraversion（E）positively;② College students＇ self-esteem was correlated with parents＇ refusal,denial,fathers＇ overprotection,mothers＇ severe punishment,and neuroticism（N）negatively;③Fathers＇ styles had no significant effects on self-esteem（the path coefficient was 0.13）,fathers＇ styles had a direct effect on personality（the path coefficient was-0.34,P0.01）and personality had a direct effect on self-esteem（the path coefficient was 0.62,P0.001）.Conclusion Personality can fully mediate the relation between fathers＇ styles and self-esteem,indicating that parents＇ styles enhance self-esteem level by formatting personality.