儿童及青少年拒绝上学问题与家庭教养方式关系的研究

目的本研究探讨家庭教养方式与拒绝上学问题之间的关系,为预防和治疗儿童及青少年拒绝上学问题提供科学依据。方法以拒绝上学的儿童和青少年为研究对象,采用父母养育方式评价量表对因拒绝上学问题就诊于中国医科大学附属第一医院精神医学科的60例患者及家属进行评定。结果门诊就诊的儿童及青少年中,男女比例(3.29:1)差异显著;父母教养方式中父亲惩罚严厉(FF2)、父亲拒绝否认(FF4)、母亲过分干涉或过分保护(MF2)、母亲拒绝否认(MF3)、母亲惩罚严厉(MF4)5个因子差异显著(t=10.7292,9.3540,3.7249,7.8419,10.8155;P<0.01),多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,上述5个因素是拒绝上学问题的危险因素(P<0.01)。结论拒绝上学的儿童及青少年男性多于女性,具有不良的家庭教养方式;不良的家庭教养方式可能是导致拒绝上学问题的危险因素之一。

Study on Relationship between School Refusal and Parental Rearing Pattern in Children and Adolescent

Objectives Many factors cause school refusal behavior in children and adolescent, but the mechanism inducing this problem are still unclear. This study is aim to investigate the relationship between school refusal behavior and parental rearing style in children and adolescent. Methods Overall 73 patients with a school refusal behavior were enrolIed and evaluated using Egma Minnen Av Bardndosnauppforstran ScaIe（EMBU）. Results The ratio between men and women was 3.29 ： 1 with a significant difference;Comparing the case group of children and adolescent for school refusal problems with the control groups,the case groups had significantly higher scores in five items of parental rearing style ,including paternal punish severity ,paternal rejection ,maternal overproteetion ,maternal rejection and maternal punish severity （t= 10. 7292,9. 3540,3. 7249,7. 8419,10. g155 ;P〈0.01） ;The results of stepwise logistic regression analysis showed that factors entered the regression model were paternal punish severity,paternal rejection, maternal overprotection,maternal rejection and maternal punish severity （P〈0.01）. Conclusion Boys with school refusal behavior are much more;The children and adolescent with school refusal behavior experience some inappropriate parental rearing style ;inappropriate parental rearing may be the one of risk factors account for school refusal.