Stress fractures of the foot and ankle |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Specialty Registrar, Clinical Radiology, Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom;2. Specialty Registrar, Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom;3. Consultant Orthopaedic Surgeon, Department of Orthopaedics, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom;4. Consultant Radiologist, Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Bristol National Health Service Foundation Trust, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol, United Kingdom;1. Resident, Postgraduate Year 3, Beaumont Health Wayne Podiatric Foot and Ankle Surgical Residency, Beaumont Health Wayne, Wayne, MI;2. Director, Beaumont Health Wayne Podiatric Foot and Ankle Surgical Residency, Beaumont Health Wayne, Wayne, MI;3. Professor Emeritus, Oakland University School of Health Sciences, Rochester, MI |
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| Abstract: | Stress fractures occur as a result of microscopic injuries sustained when bone is subjected to repeated submaximal stresses. Overtime, with repeated cycles of loading, accumulation of such injuries can lead to macro-structural failure and frank fracture.There are numerous stress fractures about the foot and ankle of which a trauma and orthopaedic surgeon should be aware. These include: metatarsal, tibia, calcaneus, navicular, fibula, talus, medial malleolus, sesamoid, cuneiform and cuboid.Awareness of these fractures is important as the diagnosis is frequently missed and appropriate treatment delayed. Late identification can be associated with protracted pain and disability, and may predispose to non-union and therefore necessitate operative intervention.This article outlines the epidemiology and risk factors, aetiology, presentation and management of the range of stress fractures in the foot and ankle. |
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| Keywords: | Stress fracture Foot and ankle Aetiology Management Education |
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