Intestinal obstruction |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Surgery, Inova Fair Oaks Hospital, Fairfax, VA, USA;2. Division of Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery, Virginia Surgery Associates, 13135 Lee Jackson Memorial Highway, Suite #305, Fairfax, VA 22033, USA;1. Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neurosciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA;1. Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA;2. College of Public Health, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA;3. College of Public Health, Iowa Cancer Registry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA;4. Department of Surgery, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC |
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| Abstract: | Intestinal obstruction is a common surgical emergency, accounting for up to 20% of admissions with acute abdominal pain. Of these, 80% will have small bowel obstruction, the most common cause being adhesions. Colorectal cancer is the most common cause of large bowel obstruction. The cardinal features of obstruction are abdominal pain, vomiting, distension and absolute constipation. Initial management comprises adequate fluid resuscitation, decompression with a nasogastric tube and early identification of strangulation (signs of which may include tachycardia, tenderness, fever and leucocytosis) requiring operative intervention. Appropriate use of contrast imaging can differentiate between patients that are likely to settle conservatively and those that will require surgery. |
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| Keywords: | Adhesional obstruction colorectal cancer intestinal obstruction large bowel obstruction paralytic ileus pseudo-obstruction small bowel obstruction |
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