新型冠状病毒受体血管紧张素转化酶2在眼组织表达及分布的研究进展

2019年以来，新型冠状病毒(2019-nCoV,也被称为SARS-CoV-2)在全世界范围内引起了数亿人感染，造成数百万人死亡，对人类健康及社会经济带来了极大的威胁。随着对SARS-CoV-2不断深入的研究，血管紧张素转化酶2(ACE2)被认为是SARS-CoV-2入侵人体的重要功能受体。ACE2在人体多个组织部位都有分布，不仅表达于肺、心血管、肾脏组织，而且也表达于眼部的结膜、角膜、葡萄膜、视网膜和视神经等组织。越来越多的研究发现SARS-CoV-2通过眼部感染的病例，然而眼部ACE2是否在SARS-CoV-2感染过程中发挥作用尚不完全明确，因此探讨ACE2在眼组织中的表达及分布，不但可以深入了解SARS-CoV-2感染的机制，也可以全面认识ACE2在眼组织的作用机制。本文综述关于ACE2在眼组织表达及分布的研究进展，期望能更好地理解ACE2在眼组织病理生理过程中的作用机制。

Research progress on the expression and distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 receptor angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 in ocular tissues

Since 2019,severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)posed a great threat to human health and social economy, which has brought out hundreds of millions infection and caused millions of deaths worldwide. With the increasing research on SARS-CoV-2, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2(ACE2)has been regarded as a significant functional receptor for SARS-CoV-2 invasion. ACE2 is distributed in many tissues of human body, not only expressed in lung, cardiovascular, kidney tissues, but also in conjunctiva, cornea, uvea, retina and optic nerve tissue. More and more cases of SARS-CoV-2 infection through ocular tissues have been found; however, whether ocular ACE2 plays a role in SARS-CoV-2 infection is not completely clear. Therefore, study on expression and distribution of ACE2 in the ocular tissues can not only provide an in-depth understanding of the mechanism of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but also supply a comprehensive acquaintance with the mechanism of ACE2 action in the ocular tissues. In this paper, we review recent research progress about the expression and distribution of ACE2 in ocular tissues and hope to better understand the mechanism of ACE2 in the pathophysiological processes of ocular tissues.