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A general measles vaccination campaign in urban Guinea-Bissau: Comparing child mortality among participants and non-participants |
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| Institution: | 1. Bandim Health Project, Indepth Network, Apartado 861, 1004 Bissau Codex, Guinea-Bissau;2. Bandim Health Project, Research Center for Vitamins and Vaccines (CVIVA), Statens Serum Institut, Artillerivej 5, 2300 Copenhagen S, Denmark;3. OPEN, Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital/Institute of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000 Odense C, Denmark;4. Department of Public Health, Centre for Global Health, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;1. EPI Department, Beijing Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, PR China;2. EPI Department, Shunyi District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 101300, PR China;3. Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA;4. Global Food & Nutrition Inc., Washington, DC;5. International Partnership for Human Development, Leesburg, VA and Bissau, Guinea-Bissau;1. Bandim Health Project, INDEPTH Network, Bissau, Guinea-Bissau;2. Bandim Health Project, Institute of Clinical Research, Uni. Southern Denmark and Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark;3. Danish Institute of Advanced Science, Uni. Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark |
| Abstract: | BackgroundMeasles vaccination campaigns targeting children aged 9–59 months are conducted every three years in Guinea-Bissau. Studies have demonstrated beneficial non-specific effects of measles vaccine. We compared mortality one year after the December 2012 measles vaccination campaign in Bissau city for children who received campaign measles vaccine with children who did not receive campaign measles vaccine.MethodsField workers from Bandim Health Project registered all children living in the Bandim Health Project’s study area who received measles vaccination at the campaign posts. Children not seen during the campaign were visited at home and campaign participation status was assessed. We compared mortality rates of participants vs. non-participants in Cox regression models.Results5633 children aged 9–59 months (85%) received campaign measles vaccination and 1006 (15%) did not. During the subsequent year 16 children died. Adjusted for background factors, the hazard ratio (HR) comparing measles vaccinated versus unvaccinated was 0.28 (95% CI: 0.10–0.77). The benefit was larger for girls (HR: 0.17 (0.05–0.59)) and for children who had received routine measles vaccine before the campaign (HR: 0.15 (0.04–0.63)).ConclusionsWe found indications of strong beneficial non-specific effects of receiving measles vaccine during the 2012 campaign, especially for girls and children with previous routine measles vaccination. Measles vaccination campaigns may be an effective way of improving child survival. |
| Keywords: | Measles vaccine Measles vaccination campaign Non-specific/heterologous effects Guinea-Bissau Child survival Supplementary immunization activities |
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