Efficacy of PLGA microparticle-encapsulated formalin-killed Aeromonas hydrophila cells as a single-shot vaccine against A. hydrophila infection |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea;2. Program in Neuroscience, Neuroscience Research Institute of SNUMRC, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea;1. Department of Neurology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Neurology, Soonchunhyang University Bucheon Hospital, Republic of Korea;3. Research Administration Team, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea;1. Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea;2. Department of Neurology, Seoul National University-Seoul Metropolitan Government Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea;3. Department of Neurology, Inha University Hospital, Incheon, Republic of Korea;4. Department of Neurology, Eulji University Hospital, Daejeon, Republic of Korea;5. Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea |
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Abstract: | Control and prevention of disease is a high priority in aquaculture, and vaccination is important to prevent outbreaks. Here, poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microparticles (MPs) approximately 36 μm in diameter were used to encapsulate and deliver Aeromonas hydrophila formalin-killed cells (FKC) as an antigen, and the innate and adaptive immune responses of cyprinid loaches and common carp were assessed following vaccination. The antigen was confirmed to be well encapsulated by scanning electron microscopy analysis of PLGA MP sections. Blood and head kidney specimens were collected and analyzed for bacterial agglutination activity and relative mRNA expression of immune-related genes (IL-1β, IL-10, TNF-α, lysozyme C, TGF-β, and IgM) at 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks post vaccination (wpv). For both fish species, the curve of antibody titer over time was shallower in the PLGA group than the FKC group. These titers in loaches and carp were very similar in the two vaccination groups until 8 and 6 wpv, respectively, but differences were subsequently noted in both species until the end of experiment. Loaches and carp were then challenged with A. hydrophila at 12 and 20 wpv, and 10 and 14 wpv, respectively, and relative survival rates were calculated. For both species, the PLGA groups demonstrated higher survival rates at all time points. Relative expression of IL-1β and TNF-α mRNA was significantly upregulated in the PLGA group at 2 and 4 wpv. Moreover, PLGA-MP vaccination increased relative mRNA levels of lysozyme C and IgM, which were significantly higher than those observed with FKC treatment at 2 wpv and 4, 6, and 8 wpv, respectively. In conclusion, PLGA-MP vaccines have the potential to induce longer and more potent immune responses than FKCs alone, and protect both cyprinid loaches and common carp with greater efficiency. |
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Keywords: | Aquaculture Microparticles FKC"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0040"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"formalin-killed whole-cell PLGA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0050"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "$$":[{"#name":"__text__" "_":"poly("} {"#name":"small-caps" "_":"d"} {"#name":"__text__" "_":" "} {"#name":"small-caps" "_":"l"} {"#name":"__text__" "_":"-lactide-co-glycolic acid) MPs"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0060"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"microparticles W/O/W"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0070"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"water-in-oil-in-water PVA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0080"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"poly(vinyl alcohol) TSA"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0090"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"tryptic soy agar PBS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0100"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"phosphate-buffered saline SEM"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0110"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"scanning electron microscopy CFU"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0120"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"colony-forming units wpv"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0130"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"weeks post-vaccination median lethal dose RPS"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0150"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"relative percent survival qPCR"} {"#name":"keyword" "$":{"id":"k0160"} "$$":[{"#name":"text" "_":"quantitative PCR |
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