奥氮平所致难治性迟发性肌张力障碍1例（英文）

迟发性肌张力障碍是长期使用抗精神病药物所致的一系列锥体外系症状,主要特征包括骨骼肌肉(随意肌)自主运动困难和随后的躯体变形。迟发性肌张力障碍在服用奥氮平患者中罕见,但本文报道中奥氮平正是这名22岁男性精神分裂症患者的促发抗精神病药物,他坚持服用标准剂量的奥氮平大约1年后出现撅嘴、持续不自主斜颈、肌肉疼痛、轴向肌张力障碍和步态不稳的症状。停用奥氮平后,他的症状没有缓解。氯氮平合并丙戊酸镁、维生素E、硫必利和劳拉西泮治疗四个月也没有让肌张力障碍得到任何改善。

Case report of refractory tardive dystonia induced by olanzapine

Summary

Tardive dystonia (TDt), a cluster of extrapyramidal symptoms that are caused by long-term use of antipsychotic medication, is characterized by difficulty in autonomic movements of skeletal (voluntary) muscles and consequent deformations of the body. TDt is rarely seen among patients taking olanzapine, but olanzapine was the precipitating antipsychotic medication in this 22-year old male patient with schizophrenia who developed lip puckering, persistent involuntary torticollis, muscular pain, axial dystonia and unstable gait after taking a standard dose of olanzapine regularly for about one year. His symptoms did not resolve after his olanzapine was stopped. Four months of treatment with clozapine combined with magnesium valproate, vitamin E, tiapride, and lorazepam did not lead to any improvement in the dystonia.