城镇与农村精神分裂症患者病耻感的研究

目的 了解缓解期精神分裂症患者的病耻感情况,分析比较城镇与农村精神分裂症患者病耻感的特点.方法 对本院住院和门诊治疗的133例缓解期精神分裂症患者进行人口学特征、精神病简明评定量表(BPRS)、阳性阴性症状量表(PANSS)、不良反应量表(TESS)、临床疗效总评量表严重度( CGI-SI)和病耻感量表进行测量和评估,分析68例城镇患者与65例农村患者的各量表的评定结果.结果 精神分裂症患者普遍存在被歧视、自我感觉的病耻感及对疾病的掩饰性,但城镇患者对病耻感的掩饰性因子和积极效应因子高于农村患者,差异有统计学意义(P＜0.05).结论 对精神分裂症患者开展心理健康教育和积极的心理干预策略对减轻病耻感非常重要,对城镇患者个体化的心理干预、促进其及早回归社会,而对于农村的患者,应重在普及精神卫生知识的宣教.

Differential study on stigma of schizophrenia between patients from urban and from rural area

Objective To investigate and analyze the level of self--stigma in patients with remitted schizophrenia from urban and from rural area. Methods 133 remitted psychiatric patients from outpa- tients and inpatients in Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province were surveyed with Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale （BPRS）, Positive And Negative Syndrome Scale （PANSS）, Treatment Emergent Symptom Scale （TESS）, Clinician＇s Global Impressions--Severity of Illness scale （CGI--SI）, among those demographic and stigmatic characteristics were compared between 68 town patients and 65 from villages. Results Dis- crimination, self--stigma and dissimulation existed in all psychiatric patients, while dissimulation factors and positive factors were found more common among town patients than those from villages with a signif- icant difference （P〈0.05）. Conclusions It is vital to provide psycho--education and positive psychologi- cal interventions for patients with schizophrenia to release self--stigma. For town patients, individual psychological intervention and social reintegration should be encouraged. While for patients from villa- ges, more psycho--education should be given to improve their knowledge about schizophrenia.