斑点热疫苗研究进展

斑点热是斑点热群立克次体引起的一类重要传染病,接种疫苗仍是预防斑点热的一种重要措施. 灭活立氏立克次体接种能够刺激实验动物产生特异性体液和细胞免疫,有效对抗该立克次体的致死性攻击,但对人体免疫的保护效果并不理想. 目前已发现的斑点热群立克次体的保护性抗原主要有外膜蛋白A、外膜蛋白B、YbgF和Adr2等表面蛋白,是研发斑点热分子疫苗的潜在候选分子. 单个保护性抗原免疫虽然能够诱导动物产生良好的特异性体液和细胞免疫应答,但是不能提供完全保护. 多个保护性抗原组合或保护性抗原的T和B淋巴细胞表位组合是研发斑点热分子疫苗的有效途径.

Research progress of spotted fever vaccines

Spotted fever is a highly infectious disease caused by spotted fever group Rickettsiae, and vaccination is still an im-portant way to prevent this disease. The vaccination of inactivated Rickettsia rickettsii can stimulate experimental animals to produce specific humoral and cellular immunity, effectively against lethal infection of R. rickettsii, however, the protective efficiency of this in-activated vaccine in human is not quite satisfactory. Fortunately, some protective antigens of spotted fever group Rickettsiae, such as OmpA, OmpB, YbgF and Adr2, have been recognized as potential candidates for subunit vaccines against rickettsial infection. The vac-cination with a single protective antigen can make animals produce specific humoral and cellular immunity, but cannot induce a com-plete protection against rickettsial infection. The combination of multi-protective antigens or epitope peptides of T/B lymphocyte may be an effective way to develop more effective vaccines against spotted fever.