新疆某监狱伤寒爆发疫情分子流行病学调查

目的利用脉冲场凝胶电泳技术，对一起伤寒爆发疫情的病原进行分子分型，为今后采取有效防控措施提供参考。方法采用查阅临床诊疗记录、病例搜索、个案调查、病例对照调查、环境卫生学调查和病原及其分子分型等检测后进行分析。结果2007年8月2日～9月15日共报告伤寒病例57例，主要集中在8月下旬及9月上旬，均为在押男性犯人，分布于第14监区，罹患率为22．30％。犯人近2～3年没有明确伤寒菌苗接种史。本起疫情主要危险因素是与病人日常接触，餐饮具等可能是重要传播媒介。病原学调查为伤寒沙门菌，脉冲场凝胶电泳分型有4种带型，其中有2种主要带型，为同一克隆系（相似系数94．43％），均为多重耐药茵。结论日常接触传播所致，疫情报告延迟及疾病识别能力差，应加强监狱等封闭场所传染病预防与控制。

A molecular epidemilolgical analysis of an outbreak of typhoid fever in a prison in Xinjiang,2007

Objective To understand the infection and risk factors of a typhoid fever in a prison in Xinjiang in 2007 and offer reference for making control measures.Methods The recent medical records were reviewed and the activities of active case finding,case survey,case-control study,environmental health survey,pathogenic detection and molecular typing were conducted.Results There 57 typhoid fever patients were reported between in August and September in 2007,and the infection rate in ward 14 as 22.30% and the pateints without definite vaccination history in recent three years.The key risk factors assoicated with the transmission of the disease were daily direct or indirect contacts with patients.Salmonella Typhi isolated was multiple drug-resistant with 4 patterns and a similarity coefficient of 94.43% as observed in Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis.Conclusion The prevalence of typhoid fever in the prison in Xinjiang in 2007 mainly resulted from daily contact of the patients with other patients.The incapability of identification and delayed report are the risk factors.Thus effective measures be taken.