注意缺陷多动障碍与抽动障碍共病儿童的行为特征研究

【目的】 探讨注意缺陷多动障碍(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD)与抽动障碍(tic disorder,TD)共病(comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and tic disorder, CAT)患儿的行为特征。 【方法】 采用Achenbach儿童行为量表(Child Behavior Checklist,CBCL)对注意缺陷多动障碍与抽动障碍共病(CAT)组60例,ADHD组79例,TD组60例,正常对照组71名儿童分别进行评估。 【结果】 CAT组行为问题发生率与ADHD组比较差异无统计学意义(χ²=0.419,P＞0.05);CAT组行为问题发生率显著高于TD组(χ²=7.745,P<0.01);CAT组与正常对照组比较差异有高度统计学意义(χ²=27.326,P<0.001)。男童CAT组强迫性与攻击性因子显著高于ADHD组(P<0.01),交往不良因子略高于ADHD组(P<0.05)。CAT组除分裂性因子外其余因子均显著高于TD组(P<0.01)。CAT组所有九个因子均显著高于对照组,差异有高度统计学意义(P<0.01)。女童CAT组各因子与ADHD组比较均无差异;CAT组的攻击因子高于TD组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05);CAT组社交退缩、攻击因子高于对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。 【结论】 CAT儿童存在更多及更为严重的行为问题,ADHD的存在是CAT儿童行为问题的主要来源, CAT男童患者行为问题更加严重。

Study of the behavior characteristics in children with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and tic disorder

【Objective】 To study the behavior characteristics of the children with comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and tic disorder (TD) (CAT). 【Method】 60 children with CAT, 79 children with ADHD, 60 children with TD and 71 normal children were collected. All of those cases were investigated using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). 【Results】 No significant differences in the incidence rate of behavioral abnormality found between CAT group and ADHD group(χ²=0.419,P＞0.05); The incidence rate of behavioral abnormality of children with CAT was higher than that of TD group(χ²=7.745,P<0.01), and increased remarkably than normal children(χ²=27.326,P<0.001). As far as the boy was concerned, the scores of obsession, aggression and social recession in the CAT group were remarkably higher than ADHD group(P<0.01); all of the scores in the CAT group were increased obviously except abruption when compared with the TD group(P<0.01); all of the scores in the CAT group were notably higher than those of the normal group(P<0.01). Meanwhile, the CAT group had no obvious difference with the ADHD group in CBCL relate to girls, but showed higher scores in aggression contrasted with the TD group and a higher level in aggression and social recession than the normal group(P<0.05). 【Conclusions】 The children with CAT show more seriously behavior problems than the children with ADHD or TD ; ADHD is the most significant factor affecting the behavior problems in CAT; The boys display more severely behavior problems in children with CAT than girls.