非清髓异基因造血干细胞移植后急性白血病复发5例报告

目的 研究分析非清髓异基因外周造血干细胞移植(NAST)后急性白血病复发的相关因素。方法 29例急性白血病患者NAST后5例复发，男2例，女3例，中位数年龄36岁(18～59岁)。非清髓预处理方案：环磷酰胺、阿糖胞苷及CD3单克隆抗体，3例患者在此基础上加用氟达拉滨。结果 5例均顺利渡过造血抑制期。2例早期形成供者造血细胞完全嵌合体(FDC)并在FDC状态下复发。3例移植早期形成供受者混合造血细胞嵌合体(MC)，2例转为FDC后复发，1例在稳定MC状态下复发。5例中4例复发前无急性或慢性移植物抗宿主疾病(GVHD)，另1例NAST后发生Ⅱ度aGVHD并在皮肤慢性GVHD未治愈状态下复发。5例中1例行2次NAST治疗，在第2次完全缓解，但于2个月后再次复发，放弃治疗。另4例未再继续治疗，2例分别于复发后1和2个月死亡，2例仍带病存活。结论 NAST简便安全，并发症少，白血病复发率无明显升高，为治愈白血病提供了新手段。

RELAPSED ACUTE LEUKEMIA AFTER TRANSPLANTATION OF NONMYELOABLATIVE ALLOGENEIC PERIPHERAL BLOOD STEM CELLS: A REPORT OF FIVE CASES

Objective To analyze the related factors of relapse of leukemia after transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic hematopoietic stem cells. Methods Among the twenty-nine patients with acute leukemia who received transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells, relapse of leukemia occurred in 5 patients. The nonmyeloablative protocol included the pretreatment of CD3 monoclonal antibody, cyclosporine A, cyclophosphamide, cytarabine, and fludarabine was added in 3 patients. Results All the 5 patients went through smoothly the hematopoietic suppression stage, and engraftment of the donor cells was successful. Leukemia relapsed in 4 patients with full donor chimerism (full donor chimerism was converted from the mixed chimerism in 2 patients), and relapse occurred in 1 patient with stable mixed chimerism. Except for 1 patient, all of them did not show acute GVHD or chronic GVHD. Second complete remission after double transplant was achieved in one patient, but leakemia relapsed in two months. In other four patients treatment was given up. Conclusion Transplantation of nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cells is a safe and effective method for the treatment of acute leukemia.