短暂性脑缺血发作发展至脑梗死危险因素的分析

目的探讨短暂性脑缺血发作(TIA)发展至脑梗死的危险因素。方法对144例TIA患者的临床资料进行分析。结果144例患者中50例(34.7%)发生了脑梗死;其中椎基底动脉系统TIA20例中11例(55.0%)发生脑梗死;颈内动脉系统TIA118例中37例(31.4%)发生脑梗死;两个系统脑梗死的发生率差异有显著性(P<0.05)。78%的脑梗死发生在TIA后1个月内,5例死于脑梗死。TIA发作持续>30min、24h内>3次发作以及首次发作后>24h或发作>5次开始治疗的患者发生脑梗死的危险性显著增高(P<0.05～0.01)。发生脑梗死的TIA患者血压、血糖、血胆固醇显著增高(均P<0.05)。结论患者TIA发作持续久、次数多、未及时治疗,尤其伴有高血压、高血糖、高脂血症者短期内发生脑梗死的危险性较高。

Analysis of the risk factors for cerebral infarction resulting from transient ischemic attack

Objective To study the risk factors for cerebral infarction resulting from transient ischemic attack (TIA).Methods The clinical data of 144 hospitalized patients with TIA were evaluated.Results 50 patients (34.7%) suffered from cerebral infarction(CI) following the onset of TIA in 144 patients.11 cases with CI resulted from vertebra-basilar artery system,37 cases resulted from internal carotid artery system. There was significantly different in two artery systems( P<0.05).78% of them occurred within 1 month after the first attack, 5 cases died of CI. The risks of cerebral infarction were significantly increased in the patients whose syndromes last over 30 min, the patients with 3 attacks within 24 h,the patients who were treated beyond 24 h of syndrome onset, or the treated patients with 5 attacks or more ( P<0.05~0.01). The high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia and hyperlipoidemia often happened in the patients with CI (all P<0.05).Conclusions There is much dangerous of patients to develop CI if patients with TIA last for long time, or frequency of attack is much more, or therapy is not yet in time, especially patients are accompanied with high blood pressure, hyperglycaemia and hyperlipoidemia.