八厘麻毒素的提取及其半数致死量研究

目的从干燥羊踯躅果实中提取八厘麻毒素并测定八厘麻毒素的半数致死量（LD50）。方法将羊踯躅果实粉碎后,经乙醇浸泡、加热回流、硅胶层析及重结晶获得八厘麻毒素。选取18～22g小鼠20只,予不同剂量八厘麻毒素灌胃给药,观察15min内小鼠死亡与存活状况,采用Dixon-Mood法计算LD50。结果 13kg羊踯躅果实共提取出3g八厘麻毒素,采用序贯法测得八厘麻毒素的LD50为7.609mg/kg。结论应设法减少或消除羊踯躅中有效成分八厘麻毒素的毒副作用,在临床应用中发挥其最佳降压效果。

Extraction of Rhomotoxin and Its LD50

Objective To extract rhomotoxin from the fruits of Rhododendron molle G.Don according to the published literatures and to detect its LD50.Methods The fruits of Rhododendron molle G.Don were crushed,soaked in alcohol and processed by heating reflux,silica gel filtration chromatography and recrystallization for extracting rhomotoxin.20 mice with the body weight of 18-22 g were selected and gavaged by the different dose of rhomotoxin.The death and survival were observed within 15 min.LD50 was calculated by the Dixon Mood method.Results 3 g of rhomotoxin was extracted from 13 kg of fruits of Rhododendron molle G.Don.LD50 detected by the sequential method was 7.609 mg /kg.Conclusion Should try to reduce or eliminate the toxic and side-effect of rhomotoxin and apply its hypotensive effect to the clinical practice.