脑科学技术在针刺研究中的应用＊

近年来,脑科学是国际交叉科学研究的热点和前沿领域。技术是推动学科发展的重要工具。立足科学前沿及国家需求,脑科学技术也不断推动中医药现代化发展及脑科学研究与中医药特色疗法的紧密结合。针刺疗法是传统中医疗法中不可或缺的组成部分,“针刺治神”奠定了针刺疗法通过中枢整合体表刺激信息调制机体内环境稳态以发挥治疗作用的中医理论基础。探究针刺治疗疾病的中枢效应机制十分必要。目前,在针刺研究领域中,无论是临床研究还是基础研究,脑科学相关技术均得到了广泛应用。因此,本文主要以神经示踪、光遗传、化学遗传、膜片钳、脑微透析、功能磁共振成像、脑电技术为例,梳理了脑科学技术在针刺研究中的应用,旨在总结现有脑科学技术的特点,为脑科学技术创新及应用探究针刺的中枢效应机制提供新思路。

Application of Brain Science and Technology in Acupuncture Research

In recent years, brain science has been a hotspot and cutting-edge area of international interdisciplinary scientific research. Technology is an important tool to promote the development of disciplines. Based on the frontiers of science and national needs, brain science and technology has also continuously promoted the modernization of Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and the close integration of brain science research and TCM special therapies. Acupuncture therapy is an integral part of TCM, and "acupuncture for the treatment of spirit" has laid the foundation of TCM theory that acupuncture therapy modulates the homeostasis of the body''s internal environment by centrally integrating information from surface stimulus to exert therapeutic effects. It is necessary to explore the central effect mechanism of acupuncture in treating diseases. Currently, brain science-related techniques are widely used in the field of acupuncture research, both in clinical research and basic research. Therefore, this article mainly takes neural tracing technique, optogenetics, chemogenetics, patch clamp, microdialysis, functional magnetic resonance imaging, and electroencephalography as examples to sort out the application of brain science and technology in acupuncture research, aiming to summarize the characteristics of current brain science and technology and provide new ideas for brain science and technology innovation and application to explore the central effect mechanism of acupuncture.