某院2015–2018年441例药品不良反应报告分析

目的:分析某院药品不良反应(ADR)发生的规律及特点,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法:采用回顾性分析方法,对2015–2018年某院上报至国家ADR监测中心的441例ADR报告进行合理性分析。结果:441例ADR报告中,一般ADR居多(385例,87.30%);男性患者(229例,51.93%)略高于女性患者(212例,48.07%);发生ADR最多的药品为中药注射剂105例(23.81%),其次为抗脑血管病用药87例(19.73%);静脉滴注是发生ADR的主要给药途径362例(82.09%);ADR主要累及系统/器官是皮肤及其附件296例次(58.97%)和全身性损害78例次(15.54%)。结论:ADR的发生与多种因素相关,医务人员应重视ADR监测,临床药师应加强相关培训与ADR数据分析,并及时反馈临床,以促进临床合理用药,保障患者用药安全,降低ADR发生风险。

Analysis of 441 cases of adverse drug reactions from 2015 to 2018 in a hospital

Objective:To analyze the regularity and characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)in a hospital,so as to provide references for the rational drug use.Methods:The rationality of 441 ADRs reported to the National Center for ADR Monitoring by a hospital from 2015 to 2018 was retrospectively analyzed.Results:Among the 441 ADRs,the majority of them were general ADRs(385 cases,accounting for 87.30%).Male patients(229 cases,accounting for 51.93%)were slightly more than female patients(212 cases,accounting for 48.07%).Drugs most associated with ADRs were traditional Chinese medicine injections(105 cases,accounting for 23.81%),which were followed by anti-cerebrovascular drugs(87 cases,accounting for 19.73%).The main administration route involved in ADRs was intravenous infusion,which were 362 cases,accounting for 82.09%.The major systems/organs involved in ADRs were skin and accessory(296 cases,accounting for 58.97%)and general injury(78 cases,accounting for 15.54%).Conclusion:ADR was related with a variety of factors.Medical staff should pay more attentions to ADR monitoring,and clinical pharmacists should strengthen ADR monitoring training,ADR data analysis and timely feedback in order to promote the clinical rational drug use,ensure the safety drug use and reduce the risk of ADR.