非离子型与离子型造影剂不良反应的对比研究及预防

目的探讨非离子型与离子型造影剂的不良反应，为有效预防造影剂不良反应提供科学依据。方法选取介入中心1258例接受非离子型造影剂的患者为实验组，746例接受离子型造影剂的患者为对照组，观察不良反应发生率，并分别在造影前后检测患者肾功能，数据用Z检验和t检验。结果实验纽不良反应发生率为2．3％，对照组为4．6％，高于非离子型造影剂组（P〈0．05）。两组患者造影前BUN、SCr无明显差异（P〉0．05）；造影后2d实验组患者的BUN、SCr低于对照组（P〈0．05），CrCl高于对照组（P〈0．05）；造影后7d两组患者的BUN、SCr、CrCl均无明显差异（P〉0．05）。结论非离子型造影剂不良反应发生率低于离子型造影剂，且对肾脏损伤较小，可以广泛应用于临床，并为控制其不良反应及肾毒性采取了有效措施。

Comparison on Adverse Effects of Non-ionic and Ionic Contrast Agent

Objective To explore the adverse effects of the non- ionic and ionic contrast agent for visualization, and to provide scientific evidence to prevent contrast induced adverse effects. Methods 746 cases who received nonionic contrast agent for visualization during 2007 year in municipal hospital of Heze city were selected as experimental group, and another 1258 cases that received ionic contrast agent were selected as control group. Then the patients＇ contrast induced adverse effects and kidney function index were observed and analyzed by SPSSll. 0. Results The adverse effects of the non-ionic contrast agent for visualization was 2.3 %, while the control group was 4.6 %, which was higher than that of the experimental group. There were no difference at the BUN and SCr level pre-visualization between the two groups, respectively （P 〉0.05）. In addition, the patients＇ BUN, SCr, CrCl on the second day of post - visualization in experimental group were lower than that of the control group, respectively （ P〈 0.05 ）. But the CrCl level were higher than that of the control group （P〈 0.05）. Furthermore, the charge of patients BUN, SCr and CrCl on the seventh day of post - visualization between the two groups was no difference, respectively （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Conclusions The non - ionic contrast agent for visualization has lower adverse effects and less damage to the kidney, which can be applied widespread.