2003至2008年某矿务集团煤工尘肺发病情况分析

目的 分析某煤矿2003至2008年尘肺病检出情况,探讨该矿尘肺发病特点,为尘肺病的防治提供科学依据.方法 收集1949年以来井下粉尘监测数据及2003至2008年的健康监护资料和尘肺诊断资料,分析尘肺发病情况,根据不同年代的粉尘接触水平结合工种和工龄推算安全总粉尘累积剂量.结果 2003至2008年该矿务集团在岗工人职业性健康监护率呈逐年提高趋势,共新检出煤工尘肺病例296例,总检出率为0.57%,平均年检出率为0.32%;Ⅰ期煤工尘肺268例,占全部病例的90.59%,87.20%(258例)的煤工尘肺患者为采掘工;新发病例的接尘工龄最短为3年,最长38年;每年总粉尘累积剂量为86.1～4926.0mg/m3.用百分位数法(第99%百分位数)推算煤矿井下工人每年安全总粉尘累积剂量为120.6 mg/m3.结论 尘肺病防治的重点工种是采掘工,在现有工作条件下井下采掘作业工龄不应超过13年.

Abstract：

Objective Analyzed associations among the incidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis from 2003 to 2008, jobs, exposure years and cumulative total dust exposure levels(CTE ) and found the current characteristics of the mine incidence of pneumoconiosis disease. Methods collected the health care information of the new diagnosed pneumoconiosis of underground mine workers from 2003 to 2008 and the dust monitoring data of underground mine from 1949 and estimated the personnel cumulative total dust exposure levels (CTE); analyzed the incidence features of the new diagnosed pneumoconiosis. Results The rates of health surveillance of workers were gradually improved from 2003 to 2008 and 296 new coal workers pneumoconiosis were diagnosed. The total incidence was 0.57%, and the average annual rate was 0.32%. Among the new diagnosed cases, phase I accounted for 90.5% and the 87.2% from coal mine drillers. The shortest exposure period was 3 years and the longest was 38 years, and the cumulative total dose of dust was varied between 86. 1 and 4926 mg/m3 per year. The total dust accumulated limited dose was calculated by the percentile method to prevent 99% of miners from pneumoconiosis, which was 120.6 mg/m3 per year, so we suggested that the exposure years should be shorter than 13 years under the current working conditions. Conclusions Preventive coal workers' pneumoconiosis should be focused on mine drillers and their limited exposure years should be within 13 years.

Analysis on the incidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis from 2003 to 2008 in a coal mining group

Objective Analyzed associations among the incidence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis from 2003 to 2008, jobs, exposure years and cumulative total dust exposure levels(CTE ) and found the current characteristics of the mine incidence of pneumoconiosis disease. Methods collected the health care information of the new diagnosed pneumoconiosis of underground mine workers from 2003 to 2008 and the dust monitoring data of underground mine from 1949 and estimated the personnel cumulative total dust exposure levels (CTE); analyzed the incidence features of the new diagnosed pneumoconiosis. Results The rates of health surveillance of workers were gradually improved from 2003 to 2008 and 296 new coal workers pneumoconiosis were diagnosed. The total incidence was 0.57%, and the average annual rate was 0.32%. Among the new diagnosed cases, phase I accounted for 90.5% and the 87.2% from coal mine drillers. The shortest exposure period was 3 years and the longest was 38 years, and the cumulative total dose of dust was varied between 86. 1 and 4926 mg/m3 per year. The total dust accumulated limited dose was calculated by the percentile method to prevent 99% of miners from pneumoconiosis, which was 120.6 mg/m3 per year, so we suggested that the exposure years should be shorter than 13 years under the current working conditions. Conclusions Preventive coal workers' pneumoconiosis should be focused on mine drillers and their limited exposure years should be within 13 years.