安徽省农村老年人受虐待与忽视现状及其影响因素研究

目的 探讨安徽省农村老年人受虐待与忽视的现状及影响因素.方法 在安徽省16个地市41个县,对975名60岁以上老年人入户问卷调查.使用自编的调查问卷调查老年人的受教育程度、婚姻状况、收入状况、管教子女情况、对自己父母的行为方式、日常生活能力、生理功能、慢性病情况和老年人受虐待与忽视情况等.结果 最近1年内,一般躯体虐待、严重躯体虐待、情感虐待、经济虐待、忽视和总虐待与忽视的报告率分别为4.5%、1.5%、26.9%、4.9%、7.2%和29.9%.281名受虐待与忽视对象中,80.4%报告最近1年内受到3次以上虐待与忽视,有34.9%报告受到2种及以上的虐待与忽视.5种虐待与忽视的首位施虐者均为儿媳或女婿(43.2%).日常生活功能明显下降、有慢性疾病是一般躯体虐待的危险因素,非文肓是一般躯体虐待的保护因素;日常生活功能明显下降是严重躯体虐待的危险因素;日常生活功能轻度或明显下降、对自己父母有鲁莽行为是情感虐待的危险因素,对子女管教严格是情感虐待的保护因素;日常生活功能轻度或明显下降、经常责打子女、经常对自己父母有鲁莽行为是经济虐待的危险因素;日常生活功能轻度或明显下降、生理功能明显影响日常生活、对自己父母有鲁莽行为是忽视的危险因素;日常生活功能轻度或明显下降、对自己父母有鲁莽行为是总虐待与忽视的危险因素,对子女管教严格是总虐待与忽视的保护因素.结论 农村老年人受虐待与忽视现状不容乐观,不同虐待与忽视类型的影响因素存在一定差异,应加强对日常生活能力下降老年人的关注.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors related to abuse and negligence against the elderly in the rural areas. Methods 975 elderly over 60 years from 41counties in Anhui province were included. All participants completed an anonymous questionnaire including items as: educational background, marital condition, income, child-discipline, rude action to parents, daily activities, physical functions, having chronic illness, abuse and negligence against the elderly, etc. Results In the last year, rates of common physical abuse, serious physical abuse,emotional abuse, financial exploitation, negligence, overall abuse and negligence against the elderly were 4.5%, 1.5%, 26.9%, 4.9%, 7.2%, 29.9% respectively. Among the 281 victims, 80.4% reported that they were suffered more than 3 times of abuse and neglect episodes, and 34.9% reported that they were suffered more than 2 forms of abuse and negligence. The primary sadism was carried out by the daughter-in-law or son-in-law (43.2%) of the elderly. Low activity on daily life and having chronic illness were the risk factors causing common physical abuse while better education was the protective factor to it, Low ability in managing daily activity of living was the risk factor causing serions physical abuse. Less active on daily life and having rude action to parents were the risk factors to emotional abuse, but being strict with their children was the protective factor to emotional abuse. Less active on daily life, often beating their children and having rude action to parents were the risk factors related to financial exploitation. Less active on daily life, having rude action to parents and having bad physical functions were the risk factors causing negligence. Less active on daily life and having rude manner to parents were the risk factors of overall elderly abuse and negligence, but being strict with their children was protective factor to the abuse and negligence against the elderly. Conclusion High prevalence on abuse and negligence against the elderly was seen in the rural areas of China. Different forms on elderly abuse and negligence were affected by different factors that called for more attention to be paid to those elderly with lower ability in managing their daily life.

The prevalence and influencing factors of abuse and negligence against elderly in rural areas of Anhui province

Objective To investigate the prevalence and influencing factors related to abuse and negligence against the elderly in the rural areas. Methods 975 elderly over 60 years from 41counties in Anhui province were included. All participants completed an anonymous questionnaire including items as: educational background, marital condition, income, child-discipline, rude action to parents, daily activities, physical functions, having chronic illness, abuse and negligence against the elderly, etc. Results In the last year, rates of common physical abuse, serious physical abuse,emotional abuse, financial exploitation, negligence, overall abuse and negligence against the elderly were 4.5%, 1.5%, 26.9%, 4.9%, 7.2%, 29.9% respectively. Among the 281 victims, 80.4% reported that they were suffered more than 3 times of abuse and neglect episodes, and 34.9% reported that they were suffered more than 2 forms of abuse and negligence. The primary sadism was carried out by the daughter-in-law or son-in-law (43.2%) of the elderly. Low activity on daily life and having chronic illness were the risk factors causing common physical abuse while better education was the protective factor to it, Low ability in managing daily activity of living was the risk factor causing serions physical abuse. Less active on daily life and having rude action to parents were the risk factors to emotional abuse, but being strict with their children was the protective factor to emotional abuse. Less active on daily life, often beating their children and having rude action to parents were the risk factors related to financial exploitation. Less active on daily life, having rude action to parents and having bad physical functions were the risk factors causing negligence. Less active on daily life and having rude manner to parents were the risk factors of overall elderly abuse and negligence, but being strict with their children was protective factor to the abuse and negligence against the elderly. Conclusion High prevalence on abuse and negligence against the elderly was seen in the rural areas of China. Different forms on elderly abuse and negligence were affected by different factors that called for more attention to be paid to those elderly with lower ability in managing their daily life.