老年脑梗死患者急性期全脑血管造影及其相关因素和预后的研究

目的 采用血管造影(DSA)分析老年脑梗死患者急性期脑血管病变的特点及其预后.方法 对432例脑梗死患者进行主动脉弓十全脑DSA,并按年龄分为老年组320例和非老年组112例,研究分析两组患者脑动脉狭窄程度及分布情况,及其与相关危险因素的关系和预后.结果 老年组有270例(84.3%)存在脑动脉狭窄,其中单纯颅外动脉狭窄98例(30.6%),颅内合并颅外动脉狭窄132例(41.3%),均明显高于非老年组(25.0%)(P＜0.05,P＜0.01);老年组中重度动脉狭窄224处(52.1%),也高于非老年组的51处(40.8%)(P＜0.05).老年组有心脑血管病史的比例高于非老年组,其预后[美国国立卫生院神经功能缺损评分(NIHSS)、再发脑卒中和病死率]也较非老年组差(P＜0.05～0.01).结论 老年脑梗死患者脑动脉狭窄程度严重、多支病变的比例增高,预后较差,应尽早积极治疗,并做好二级预防和康复治疗以改善其预后.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the distribution and severity of cerebral artery stenosis and the prognosis in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Methods The 432 elderly patients with acute cerebral ischemia infarction underwent DSA,and they were divided into two groups: elderly group (n= 320) and non-elderly group (n= 112). The characteristics of distribution and severity of cerebral artery stenosis, the relationship between artery stenosis and relative risk factors, and the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction were analyzed.Results In elderly group, 270 cases (84.3%) had intra- and extra- cranial artery stenosis, of which 98 patients (30.6%) with pure extracranial arterial stenosis, 132 patients (41.3%) with combined extra- and intra-cranial artery stenosis. They were both significantly higher than the corresponding data in non-elderly group [23 cases (20.5%) and 28 cases (25%), P＜0.05 and 0.01]. The prevalences of moderate and severe cerebral artery stenosises were higher in elderly group than in nonelderly group [224 locations (52.1%) vs. 51 locations (40.8%), P＜0. 05]. The number of patients with previous history of cerebrovascular disease was much more and the prognosis was much worse in elderly group than in non-elderly group (both P＜0.05), Conclusions The elderly patients with cerebral infarction have severer cerebral artery stenosis, increased proportion of multivessel disease and poor prognosis. So it is very important to take aggressive treatment as soon as possible, and to make secondary prevention and effective rehabilitation so as to improve their prognosis.

Cerebral angiography and prognosis of acute cerebral ischemia infarction in elderly patients

Objective To investigate the distribution and severity of cerebral artery stenosis and the prognosis in elderly patients with acute cerebral infarction using digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Methods The 432 elderly patients with acute cerebral ischemia infarction underwent DSA,and they were divided into two groups: elderly group (n= 320) and non-elderly group (n= 112). The characteristics of distribution and severity of cerebral artery stenosis, the relationship between artery stenosis and relative risk factors, and the prognosis of acute cerebral infarction were analyzed.Results In elderly group, 270 cases (84.3%) had intra- and extra- cranial artery stenosis, of which 98 patients (30.6%) with pure extracranial arterial stenosis, 132 patients (41.3%) with combined extra- and intra-cranial artery stenosis. They were both significantly higher than the corresponding data in non-elderly group [23 cases (20.5%) and 28 cases (25%), P＜0.05 and 0.01]. The prevalences of moderate and severe cerebral artery stenosises were higher in elderly group than in nonelderly group [224 locations (52.1%) vs. 51 locations (40.8%), P＜0. 05]. The number of patients with previous history of cerebrovascular disease was much more and the prognosis was much worse in elderly group than in non-elderly group (both P＜0.05), Conclusions The elderly patients with cerebral infarction have severer cerebral artery stenosis, increased proportion of multivessel disease and poor prognosis. So it is very important to take aggressive treatment as soon as possible, and to make secondary prevention and effective rehabilitation so as to improve their prognosis.