精神分裂症首次发病患者的执行功能和学习能力

目的 了解精神分裂症首次发病患者的执行功能和学习能力及其与精神症状的关系.方法 采用电子版本伦敦塔(the Tower of London,TOL)测验对50例首次发病的精神分裂症患者(患者组)和50名健康成年人(对照组)进行2次测试并记录相关数据.其中患者组阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)评分≥60分,2组年龄、性别和受教育年限的差异均无统计学意义.结果 (1)患者组TOL测验第1次和第2次测试答题个数x1:(14.62±4.12)个,x2:(14.80±4.70)个]少于对照组x1:(17.48±3.79)个,x2:(18.68±3.19)个],反应时间t1:(9.27±4.37)s,t2:(9.51±5.58)s]长于对照组t1:(7.28±2.04)s,t2:(6.67±1.51)s],差异均有统计学意义(P＜0.01).(2)对照组x2多于x1,t2短于t1(P＜0.01);而患者组x1与x2、t1与t2之间差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05).(3)患者组PANSS量表中阴性分量表分与TOL测验的x1、x2、第1次答题正确率(p1)呈负相关(P＜0.05),与t1、t2呈正相关(P＜0.01);阳性分量表分、去除兴奋项和敌对项后的阳性分量表分、一般精神病理量表分则与其无相关性(P＞0.05).结论 精神分裂症首次发病患者执行功能和学习能力受损,且其认知功能损害与阴性症状相关.

Abstract：

Objective To investigate the executive function and the learning ability of the patients with first-episode schizophrenia, and their relationships with psychiatric symptoms. Methods Fifty firstepisode schizophrenia patients and fifty age- and gender-matched healthy controls were tested by a computerized version of Tower of London ( TOL ) test. The scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale( PANSS ) were larger than 60 in the group of schizophrenia patients. Results The numbers of the correct answerxt :( 14.62 ±4. 12 ),x2 :( 14. 80 ±4.70 )] during the first session and the second session of the TOL test were significantly lower in patients than the control groupx1 :( 17.48 ± 3.79 ),x2 :( 18.68 ±3.19 )] , and the reaction time t1 :( 9. 27 ±4. 37 )seconds, t2 :( 9. 51 ±5.58 )seconds] of the two sessions of TOL were longer than the control groupt1 :( 7. 28 ± 2. 04 )seconds, t2: ( 6. 67 ± 1.51 )seconds] , P ＜0. 01. For the control group, x2 was significantly greater than x1, and t2 shorter than t1( P ＜0. 01 ),while for the patients group, there was no difference between the performances of the first session and the second session. The scores of TOL in the schizophrenia patients were correlated with the negative symptom score of PANSS( P＜ 0. 05 )and were not correlated with the scores of other subscales of PANSS( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The executive function and the learning ability of schizophrenia are impaired and the cognitive dysfunction maybe correlated with negative symptoms.

The executive function and learning ability in the patients with first-episode schizophrenia

Objective To investigate the executive function and the learning ability of the patients with first-episode schizophrenia, and their relationships with psychiatric symptoms. Methods Fifty firstepisode schizophrenia patients and fifty age- and gender-matched healthy controls were tested by a computerized version of Tower of London ( TOL ) test. The scores of the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale( PANSS ) were larger than 60 in the group of schizophrenia patients. Results The numbers of the correct answerxt :( 14.62 ±4. 12 ),x2 :( 14. 80 ±4.70 )] during the first session and the second session of the TOL test were significantly lower in patients than the control groupx1 :( 17.48 ± 3.79 ),x2 :( 18.68 ±3.19 )] , and the reaction time t1 :( 9. 27 ±4. 37 )seconds, t2 :( 9. 51 ±5.58 )seconds] of the two sessions of TOL were longer than the control groupt1 :( 7. 28 ± 2. 04 )seconds, t2: ( 6. 67 ± 1.51 )seconds] , P ＜0. 01. For the control group, x2 was significantly greater than x1, and t2 shorter than t1( P ＜0. 01 ),while for the patients group, there was no difference between the performances of the first session and the second session. The scores of TOL in the schizophrenia patients were correlated with the negative symptom score of PANSS( P＜ 0. 05 )and were not correlated with the scores of other subscales of PANSS( P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion The executive function and the learning ability of schizophrenia are impaired and the cognitive dysfunction maybe correlated with negative symptoms.