山东省部分地区公共场所吸烟与被动吸烟现况调查分析

目的调查山东省公共场所吸烟与被动吸烟状况及公众对公共场所吸烟的态度，了解本省履行世界卫生组织《烟草控制框架公约》的情况，为制定控烟策略提供科学依据。方法采用国家控烟办公室统一提供的调查问卷，对进入济南市、聊城市、平阴县3个地区部分公共场所的公众采用拦截方式进行调查。结果551名被调查者的吸烟率为32．8％，现吸烟率为26．9％，被动吸烟率为47．6％，21．7％的吸烟者已戒烟；26．1％的被调查者回答在家中吸烟不受任何限制，31．2％的回答在常去的娱乐场所吸烟不受任何限制；95．9％的认为吸烟有害，只有31．8％的被调查者非常同意丈夫吸烟妻子更容易得肺癌的说法，34．7％的非常同意父母吸烟孩子更容易得哮喘或呼吸道疾病的说法；认为在办公室、餐厅、酒吧应该全部禁烟的被调查者分别占59．5％、33．9％和25．8％。结论本次调查的公共场所吸烟与被动吸烟状况严重，公众对吸烟危害的认识不深刻、不具体，缺乏控制吸烟的支持性环境。控烟工作应侧重于控烟政策的制定及控烟支持性环境的建立，在吸烟危害的宣传方面应更加具体，并提供戒烟帮助。

Status of smoking and passive smoking at public places in some areas of Shandong Province

Objective To understand the status and the public attitude of smoking and passive smoking in public places in Shandong Province, to estimate the implementaion of Framework Convention on Tobacco Control （ FCTC）, and to provide evidence and reference for tobacco control policy and strategy making. Methods Using a questionnaire from the National Office of Tobacco Control, a cross-sectional survey was conducted among the people selected with convenience sampling from some public places in Jinan City, Liaocheng City and Pingyin County of Shandong Province. Results Among 551 interviewees, the rates of smoking, current smoking and passive smoking rate were 32, 8%, 26. 9% and 47.6% , respectively, and the smoke quitting rate was 21.7%. 26. 1% of the participants might smoke anywhere at home, and 31.2% of them might smoke anywhere in entertainment places; 95.9% of the participants agreed that smoking could harm their health, but only 31.8% agreed that the smokers＇ wives were more likely to get lung cancer. 34.7% of them highly agreed that the smokers＇ children were more lilely to get asthma or other respiratory system problems. Only 59. 5%, 33.9% and 25.8% of the participants agreed that offices, restaurants and bars, respectively, should be tobacco-free places completely. Conclusion The status of smoking and passive smoking was still serious. The public did not understand the bad effects of smoking clearly and concretely. There was no sufficiently supportive environment in favor of tobacco control. The future priorities should be placed on tobacco control policy making and the establishment of supportive environment. More concrete education as well as quit services should also be offered to the public.