2128名北京市职业人员自测健康现状及影响因素分析

目的了解北京市职业人群自测健康现状及其影响因素。方法采取分层随机抽样的方法抽取2128名18~60岁的5类职业人群为研究对象,采用访谈和问卷相结合的方式进行问卷调查。结果不同文化程度、职业、经济收入、婚姻状况、工作紧张程度、锻炼程度的职业人群自测健康得分差异具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）;教师、企事业单位员工、科技人员的自测健康得分分别为320.50±50.45分,322.02±50.64分和325.50±45.60分,低于体力劳动者的349.69±47.33分和公务员的340.07±51.89分（P〈0.01）;参加锻炼者的得分为344.70±49.48分,高于不锻炼者322.90±49.35分（P〈0.01）;自测健康得分呈现随工作紧张度增加而降低的趋势（P〈0.01）。多因素方差分析结果显示高中或中专文化程度、在婚、体力劳动者、工作紧张度低的人群自测健康得分较高。结论以教师、企事业单位员工、科技人员为重点人群,以增加体育锻炼和促进心理健康为主要内容,开展广泛的工作场所健康教育与健康促进工作。

Status of self-rated health and its influencing factors among 2128 professionals

Objective To find out the status of self-rated health and its influencing factors.Methods 2128 different professionals were sampled by stratified random.Interview and questionnaire were used in collecting data.ResultsEducation,occupation,incoming,marriage,work tensity and exercise were the influencing factors to self-rated health scores among different occupations.The scores of teachers,enterprises and institutions staffs,scientific and technical personnel were 320.50±50.45,322.02±50.64 and 325.50±45.60 respectively,which lower than that of manual workers and civil servants（P0.01）.The people who taking physical training had higher scores than else.The score showed decreasing tendency while working tensity rising.The results of univariate analysis of variance showed that the people who with high school or technical secondary school education,marriage,manual workers,lower working tensity had high score.Conclusion Workshop health education and health promotion should be enhanced,especially to teachers,enterprises and institutions staffs,scientific and technical personnel.