突发公共事件后公众心理危机健康教育需求研究

目的了解突发公共事件后公众心理危机健康教育需求状况，为制定突发公共事件危机心理健康教育策略及方法提供依据。方法采用多阶段随机抽样方法，在安徽省合肥市和阜阳市共抽取8个居委会的1652名15～60岁的居民进行问卷调查。结果47．3％的调查对象从没获得过心理干预和帮助，47．5％的人通过大众媒体宣传获得过心理知识，8．3％的人接受过专业机构的心理干预和帮助；如果遇到突发公共事件，51．6％的调查对象希望从大众媒体获得心理知识的宣传，46．4％的调查对象希望由专业心理咨询人员提供心理帮助；49．3％的调查对象希望获得心理干预的主要内容是突发公共事件后如何调适和缓解自己的心理反应；调查对象喜欢的心理帮助方式主要为电视（67．4％）、聊天（37．5％）和网络（28．3％）。结论公众缺乏对突发公共事件心理危机的了解。专业机构应利用大众媒体的权威性为公众提供及时准确的信息和心理健康知识，有计划有组织的开展针对性的心理危机健康教育。

Needs on health education of mental crisis for public after public emergency

Objective To investigate the needs on health education of mental crisis for public after public emergency, and to provide the basis for formulating mental health education strategies and methods after public emergency. Methods With multi-stage random sampling, 1652 residents aged 15 -60 years old were conducted a survey from 8 communities in Hefei and Fuyang cities of Anhui Province. Results 47. 3% of the participants never got any psychologic help and intervention, and 47. 5% and 8. 3% of them had gotten mental health education by mass media and professional, respectively. The rates of the interviewees who hoped to get mental health education from mass media and from professional after public emergency were 51.6% and 46.4%, respectively. 49. 3% of the participants would like to get knowledge and skill about how to alleviate negative mental response after public emergency. The channels that the participants liked mostly were TV （67.4%）, chatting （37. 5 % ）, and network （28.3 % ）. Conclusion The public knew less about the mental crisis of public emergency. Authorities should provide correct imformation and mental health knowledge timely through mass media, and take health education of mental crisis purposely.