黑龙江省医务人员吸烟相关情况调查

目的了解医务人员吸烟和被动吸烟情况及医务人员提供戒烟服务的能力,为提高卫生工作者的控烟工作能力制定合理的培训计划。方法采用整群分层抽样的方法对12家1054名医务人员进行问卷调查,对所得资料进行分析。结果男性医务人员现在吸烟人数为93人,现在吸烟率为30.6%;吸烟年龄在10年以上者45人（48.4%）;戒烟成功人数为18人,占男性医务人员5.9%;93名吸烟男性中,近期有戒烟打算的只有43人（46.2%）。遭受被动吸烟的人有666人（63.2%）,男性和女性分别为226人和440人。对吸烟、被动吸烟与疾病关系的知晓情况较好,但对烟草知识正确认知情况较差,各级别医院的知晓情况各不相同,在对烟草知识、吸烟与疾病、被动吸烟与疾病项目中,一级医院知晓率最高,分别为73.1%、93.7%、93.5%;其次为二级医院,分别是63.6%、86.0%、92.1%;最低的是三级医院,分别为60.4%、84.2%、89.4%。随着医院级别增高,知晓率反而降低。在472名出诊的业务科室人员中,253名业务科室人员表示出诊时经常询问病人的吸烟情况,有442人会建议吸烟病人戒烟。结论应加强对医务人员控烟知识及戒烟帮助方法的普及与培训。

Smoking status among medical staff in Heilongjiang Province

Objective To study the smoking and passive smoking status among medical staff, and to develop appropriate training programs to improve their ability of tobacco control. Methods Stratified cluster sampling method was used to include 1054 medical professionals from 12 hospitals. Results There were 304 males and 750 females medical professionals. Among 304 males, 30. 6% （93） of them smoked cigarette at present, and 45 smoked for more than ten years. 18 participants quitted smoking, and 43 thought about quitting smoking recently. The passive smoking rate was 63. 2%. The majority of participants knew the relationship between smoking/passive smoking and disease development, but knew relative less about tobacco, which differed across hospital levels. The awareness rates of tobacco knowledge, relationship between smoking and disease, and relationship between passive smoking and disease were highest at first-lever hospitals, 73. 1%, 93.7%, and 93.5% respectively, and 63. 6%, 86. 0%, and 92. 1% for second-level hospitals, and 60. 4%, 84. 2%, and 89. 4% for third-level hospitals. 253 clinical professionals had ever experience to inquiry their patients about smoking behavior, and 442 would suggest the smoker patients to quit smoking. Conclusion Trainings about tobacco control strategies and cessation assistance should be delivered to medical professionals.