某三甲医院恶性肿瘤患者严重药品不良反应分析

目的分析恶性肿瘤患者严重药品不良反应(SADR)的特点及相关因素,为临床安全用药提供参考。方法采用回顾性分析法,对医院药品不良反应监测中心2016年收集的恶性肿瘤患者SADR报告进行综合分析。结果 104例SADR报告中,新的SADR 15例(14. 42%);60~69岁年龄段比例最高(27例,25. 96%);累及系统或器官以血液系统居首(53例,28. 49%),临床表现以骨髓抑制最多见;用药途径以静脉滴注为主(80例,76. 92%);使用率前8位药品中化学治疗药物最多,共19例(47. 50%)。结论抗肿瘤药物引起的SADR与患者年龄、剂型、给药途径相关,需充分发挥专科临床药师的作用,集中监测抗肿瘤药物引起的SADR,结合恶性肿瘤患者的自身特点,有目的地进行合理给药,预防或减少SADR的发生。

Analysis of Serious Adverse Drug Reactions of Patients with Malignant Tumors in a Grade-A Class-3 Hospital

Objective To analyze the characteristics and related factors of severe drug adverse reactions( SADR) in patients with malignant tumors,and to provide references for clinical safe drug use. Methods Retrospective classification and statistical methods were used to comprehensively analyze the SADR reports collected by the hospital’s Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring Center in 2016. Results Among the 104 cases of SADR,15 cases( 14. 42%) of new SADRs were reported;the highest proportion was in the 60-69 age group with 27 cases( 25. 96%);the tumor-related system or organ of patients with SADR was the hematological system( 53 cases,28. 49%),and the most common clinical manifestations were bone marrow suppression;the intravenous injection was the main method( 80 cases,76. 92%);chemotherapeutic drugs were the most used among the top 8 drugs,with a total of 19 cases( 47. 50%).Conclusion The SADR caused by anti-tumor drugs is related to age,dosage form and route of administration. It is necessary to give full play to the role of a specialist clinical pharmacist,focus on monitoring the SADR caused by anti-tumor drugs,and combine with the characteristics of patients with malignant tumors to make rational and targeted administration to prevent or reduce the occurrence of SADR.