基于三维重建辅助设计备皮图谱及应用的效果观察

目的 探索神经外科开颅手术患者备皮最佳方法及运用效果。方法 利用医学影像技术及虚拟三维可视化技术,形成了区域备皮图谱,并在临床中应用。共纳入神经外科开颅手术病人244例,根据入院先后顺序分为观察组126例和对照组118例。观察组采用基于三维重建辅助设计备皮图谱实施编发及备皮,对照组采用全颅备皮。分别比较2组患者皮肤破损率、医生及患者对备皮的满意度及术后焦虑抑郁发生率。结果 2组患者结局指标比较,观察组患者皮肤破损率为0,较对照组皮肤破损率2.5%下降,P>0.05;观察组医生满意度得分（98.53±5.72）分及患者满意度得分（99.87±3.56）分均高于对照组,均P<0.001;观察组患者术后焦虑发生率（19.8%）及抑郁情绪发生率（16.7%）较对照明显著降低,均P<0.001。结论 基于三维重建辅助设计备皮图谱临床应用效果显著,可减少患者皮肤破损,提高医生及患者满意度,同时降低患者术后焦虑抑郁发生率,可推广应用。

Design and Application of 3D Reconstruction-based Skin Preparation Map

Objective To explore the best method and application effect of skin preparation in patients undergoing neurosurgical craniotomy. Methods With medical imaging technology and virtual 3D visualization technology, a regional skin preparation map was formed and applied in clinical practice. A total of 244 patients with neurosurgical craniotomy were enrolled and divided into in the observation group (n=126) and the control group (n=118). The observation group performed the removal of part of the hair according to 3D reconstruction-based skin preparation map, and the control group removed all the hair. The skin damage rate, doctor and patient satisfaction, and the incidence of postoperative anxiety and depression in the 2 groups were compared. Results The skin damage rate of the observation group was 0, which was lower than that of the control group by 2.5%(P>0.05); the score of doctor satisfaction (98.53±5.72) and patient satisfaction (99.87±3.56) of the observation group were higher than that of the control group (both P<0.001); the incidence of postoperative anxiety (19.8%) and that of depression (16.7%) were significantly lower in the observation group than those in the control group (both P<0.001). Conclusion 3D-reconstruction-aided skin preparation map is effective for reducing the skin damage of patients, improving the satisfaction of doctors and patients, and reducing the incidence of postoperative anxiety and depression. It is worth to be popularized clinically.