对外科护士基于计划行为理论的疼痛管理行为干预效果

目的 探讨基于计划行为理论的干预方案对护士疼痛管理知识、态度以及疼痛管理行为的影响。方法 以计划行为理论为指导,设计实施针对护士疼痛管理行为的干预方案,并在某三级甲等医院外科病房进行试行。方案实施前（2018年1月上旬）及实施后（2018年4月下旬）,采用《疼痛管理知识和态度调查问卷》对34名病房护士进行疼痛管理知识及态度的测评对比。此外,选取同期病房出院患者各60例,应用休斯顿疼痛情况调查表调查患者对控制或减轻疼痛方法的满意度,同时,利用电子病历系统对120例出院患者的护理病历进行疼痛护理记录书写合格率的评价对比。结果 在应用计划行为理论对护士疼痛管理行为进行干预后,病房护士疼痛管理知识和态度问卷得分较前显著提高（P<0.01）;疼痛护理记录规范率显著提高（P<0.05）;病员对“疼痛缓解的满意度”、对“护士疼痛处理的满意度”、“护士反应快慢的满意度”、“疼痛时受到所有照料的满意度”均显著提高（P<0.01）。结论 基于计划行为理论构建的护士疼痛管理行为干预方案,可提升护士疼痛知识和态度,并能促进其疼痛管理行为的改进,最终达到改善患者疼痛体验的目的。

Effects of Pain Management Behavior Intervention Based on Theory of Planned Behavior for Surgical Nurses

Objective To explore the effects of pain management behavior intervention based on the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) on nurses' knowledge and behavior of and attitude toward pain management behavior. Methods Thirty-four nurses in surgical wards received TPB-based pain management behavior intervention and they were investigated by the Knowledge and Attitudes Survey Regarding Pain questionnaire before the implementation of the scheme (early January 2018) and after the implementation (late April 2018). The qualification rate of the pain nursing records was also evaluated by the electronic medical record system. At the same time, 120 patients discharged from the hospital in the same period were investigated by the Houston Pain Outcome Instrument. Results After the implementation of pain management behavior intervention, the scores of nurses' knowledge of and attitudes toward pain management behavior were significantly higher than before(P<0.01) and qualification rate of the pain nursing records was improved significantly (P<0.05). Patients' satisfaction with pain relief, pain treatment, nurses' response speed and all the nursing service provided when suffering pain was significantly improved (P<0.01). Conclusion TPB-based pain management behavior intervention can improve nurses' pain knowledge of and attitude toward pain, improve their pain management behavior thus relieve patients' pain.