无创机械通气在心肺血管疾病中的应用

无创正压通气（NIPPV）广泛应用于各种原因引起的急性呼吸衰竭,尤其是在慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）引起的慢性呼吸衰竭急性发作、心力衰竭方面治疗效果肯定,可以明确降低气管插管率、住ICU的时间、减少病死率、增加存活率;对继发于呼吸衰竭的轻中度肺性脑病有肯定的疗效;对于肺炎导致的呼吸衰竭治疗效果差;NIPPV在哮喘、急性呼吸窘迫综合征、COPD恢复期的治疗效果尚不肯定。NIPPV治疗效果与患者耐受程度、治疗后生理指标改善的程度直接相关。NIPPV是否会增加心力衰竭患者的心肌梗死发病率仍有争议。

Application of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation on respiratory and cardiovascular diseases

Non-invasive positive pressure ventilation(NIPPV) has been widely used in acute respiratory failure caused by various reasons.The curative effect on acute chronic respiratory failure and congestive heart failure is certain,so does hypercapnic coma.It can be found that NIPPV can reduce the rate of intubation,the days of ICU stay,the rate of mortality.NIPPV can also increase the rate of survival and reduce the period of invasive ventilation and its complication.But its effect on pneumonia,asthma,ARDS still uncertain.The effect of NIPPV depends on the tolerance of the patients,and the improvement of the patients,physiological variables.But there are still some issues to be studied:whether NIPPV can increase the morbidity of acute myocardial infarction of the heart failure.