余姚市农村地区养犬及居民犬伤后处理情况调查

目的：了解余姚市农村地区养犬情况、居民犬伤暴露后就诊情况、狂犬病知晓情况。方法：采用多阶段抽样方法,首先在余姚市曾有狂犬病例报告的乡镇（街道）中随机选择2个地区,在被选中地区随机选择5个村,以家庭为单位,采用系统抽样方法选择家庭入户开展面对面问卷调查,采用Epi Info 3.5和Excel 2003进行数据分析。结果：共调查223户家庭,农村地区家庭养犬率为61%,养犬家庭平均每户养犬1.2只,犬只免疫率为68%,圈养率为54%,过去一年内犬只伤人率为5.4%;过去一年内,调查的223户家庭827名成员中14人曾有犬伤暴露,平均暴露率为1.7%,暴露后14人均及时到医院就诊并接种疫苗,仅1人（7.7%）同时使用了狂犬免疫球蛋白;94%的调查对象知道狂犬病,其中90%知道传播狂犬病的主要动物种类,75%知道狂犬病不能够治愈。结论：余姚市农村地区犬密度较高,免疫率较低,需进一步加强犬只管理,提高犬只免疫率,开展宣传,教育民众在暴露后及时、正规处理,以减少狂犬病的发生。

Raising dogs and disposal after injured by dogs in rural areas of Yuyao County

ObjectiveTo find out the status of raising dogs ,disposal after injured by dogs and residents＇awareness of rabies in rural areas in Yuyao County. Methods Multistage sampling method was adopted. Firstly 2 areas were selected randomly from the areas where rabies ever had been reported. Then 5 villages were selected from these areas. In these villages,households were selected via systematic sampling and interviewed face to face. The data was analyzed by using Epi info 3.5 and Excel 2003. Results223 households were surveyed. The rate of raising dogs was 61%. Average number of dogs in each household was 1.2. The immunization rate of dogs was 68%. 540//00 of the dogs were raised restrainedly. In the past year,5.4% of the dogs ever wounded people. Among the 827 persons from 223 households, 14 were injured by dogs in the past year. The average exposure rate was 1.7%. All the 14 persons went to see a doctor and treated with vaccine. Conclusion The density of dogs is high in rural areas of Yuyao, but the immunization rate is low. Inrural areas ,management of raising dogs should be strengthened and the immunization rate should be improved. In order to decrease the incidence of rabies ,it is also necessary to instruct the public to ask for treatment timely and regularly after exposure.