胶体金免疫层析法检测住院患者流感病毒感染临床分析

目的 使用胶体金免疫层析(GICA)法检测流感病毒,了解因急性呼吸道感染住院患者的常见流感病毒感染状况.方法 对2所三级甲等医院呼吸科收治的1145例各类呼吸道疾病患者应用GICA法检测流感病毒A、B(FIuA、B)抗原的结果进行分析,并对在不同季节、不同性别、年龄、病种及是否合并基础病的呼吸道疾病患者的流感病毒抗原检出率进行分析,找出规律和特点.结果 第一季度FluA、B检出率与第二、第三季度比较差异均有统计学意义(F1u A:x2=17.735,P=0.000;x2=14.855,P=0.000.Flu B:x2=5.326,P=0.021;x2=4.349,P=0.037);第四季度FluA、B检出率与第二、第三季度比较差异均有统计学意义(Flu A:x2=19.480,P=0.000;x2=16.771,P=0.000.Flu B:x2=6.885,P=0.009;x2=5.959,P=0.015).老年患者(≥65岁)Flu A、B检出率高于65岁以下患者(Flu A:x2=55.362,P=0.000;Flu B:x2=8.984,P=0.003).没有基础疾病的患者与合并1种、2种及3种以上基础疾病患者FluA、B检出率比较,差异均有统计学意义,随着合并基础病种类增多,FluA、B阳性检出率增高.各种疾病中COPD急性发作组(18.2%)及肺炎组(17.1%)FluA抗原检出率较其他病种高.结论 呼吸科病房住院患者中全年均有流感散发病例,第一、四季度多见.老年患者及有基础疾病患者并发流感病毒感染风险较大.

Clinical study on influenza viruses infection detected by gold immunchromatographic assay in hospitalized patients

Objective To study the common influenza viruses infection of hospitalized patients admitted for acute respiratory tract infections, using gold immunchromatographic assay ( GICA ) to detect influenza viruses. Methods The result of FluA/B antigen detection in 1145 patients with various types of respiratory diseases from two class-A hospitals were analyzed. Influenza virus detection rates of patients in different seasons,with different gender,age,types of respiratory diseases and whether with foundation diseases were analyzed to identify the common rules and characteristics. Results There were significant differences for Flu A/b detection rate between first quarter and the second or third quarter,P <0.05 by x2 test( FluA x2 = 17. 735, P = 0.000;X2 = 14.855,P = 0. 000;FluB x2 =5. 326,P = 0. 021;x2 = 4.349, P = 0.037 ) . The result was repeated in the comparison between Flu A/B detection rate in the fourth quarter and the second or third quarter,P <0. 05 by x2 test (FluA x2 =19. 480,P= 0.000;x2 =16.771,,P=0. 000;FluB X2 = 6. 885.P = 0. 009;x2 =5. 959,P =0.015). These results indicated the detection rates of the first and fourth quarter were higher than the second and third quarter. Elderly patients (≥65 years old) had higher Flu A/ B detection rate compared with patients below 65 years ( FluA x2 =55. 362,P = 0.000;FluB x2 = 8.984,P = 0.003). The detection rate of Flu A/B in patients without foundation diseases or with one,two or three kinds of foundation diseases had significant differences, which showed with an increase in the number of types of the foundation diseases, FluA/B-positive detection rate increased. In patients with various foundation diseases, the FluA antigen detection rate in group of AECOPD patients was 18.2% and 17.1% in pneumonia group, which were higher than in all other diseases. Conclusions Sporadic cases of influenza were found in general wards, incidence rate was higher in the first and the fourth quarter. There is a higher risk of influenza virus infection for elder patients and patients with foundation diseases.