High-density lipoprotein: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties |
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Authors: | Mohamad Navab PhD Roger Yu MD Nima Gharavi PhD William Huang BSc Navid Ezra BSc Ali Lotfizadeh MD G M Anantharamaiah PhD Nima Alipour MSc Brian J Van Lenten PhD Srinivasa T Reddy PhD Daniel Marelli MD |
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Institution: | (1) Room BH-307 CHS, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1679, USA |
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Abstract: | The ability of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) to promote cholesterol efflux is an important component of its ability to protect
against cardiovascular disease. In addition, the anti-inflammatory properties of HDL are important as well. As part of the
innate immune system, HDL appears to have evolved to increase inflammation in the presence of an acute phase response but
to inhibit inflammation in the absence of an acute phase response. In a study of humans with coronary heart disease, it was
found that the patients who had proinflammatory HDL prior to statin therapy (and half of them despite a profound decrease
in plasma lipids following statin therapy) continued to have proinflammatory HDL. Anti-inflammatory HDL was effective in promoting
cholesterol efflux whereas proinflammatory HDL was relatively weak in its ability to promote cholesterol efflux. Oxidative
alterations of the main protein of HDL, apolipoprotein A-I, impaired its capacity to promote cholesterol efflux from monocyte
macrophages. Therefore, HDL composition, structure, and function appear to be more crucial than HDL cholesterol concentrations
in determining risk for cardiovascular disorders. |
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