犬急性心肌缺血左心室起搏跨壁径向位移的超声研究

目的 观察比格犬急性心肌缺血后左心室不同起搏位点节段整体和节段跨壁心肌峰值径向位移(RD)的变化,量化评价不同起搏位点左室跨壁心肌力学状态特征.方法 10只健康比格犬开胸模型,结扎冠状动脉左前降支诱导产生急性心肌缺血.随机进行缺血后左心室侧壁起搏(LVI/P)、左心室心尖起搏(LVA-P)、左心室缺血与非缺血交界区起搏(LVB-P),分别采集三个心动周期标准二尖辦口、乳头肌及心尖短轴切面动态组织多普勒(TDI)速度二维图像.分析评价左室不同起搏位点节段整体和节段跨壁心肌(RD、达峰时间(RD-Tc)、达峰时间标准差(RD-TSD)等力学参数变化.结果 ①急性心肌缺血后LVL-P、LVA-P和LVB-P状态组内节段跨壁三层心肌间RD差异无统计学意义;LVL-P、LVA-P和LVB-P状态组间节段整体和节段跨壁三层心肌RD差异无统计学意义.②急性心肌缺血后LVL-P和LVB-P状态节段跨壁和相应节段整体的RD相关性高于LVA-P状态.③急性心肌缺血后左室不同起搏位点节段整体和跨壁心肌大部分节段RD-Tc延迟于T波之后,不同起搏位点间大部分节段RD-Tc差异无统计学意义.④急性心肌缺血后LVL-P、LVA-P、LVB-P心内膜下和中层心肌以及LVDP节段整体的RD-TSD.均比缺血非起搏状态相应节段降低,差异有统计学意义(P

Echocardiographic study of left ventricular transmural radial displacement during acute myocardial ischemia and left ventricular pacing in vivo: a canine model

Objective To evaluate the changes of peak segmental and transmural radial displacement (RD) of left ventricle(LV) during acute myocardial ischemia with different LV pacing patterns. Methods Left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) was ligated to induce acute myocardial ischemia in open-chest Beagle canine models ( n=10). Two-dimensional gray-scale images with overlaid tissue Doppler velocity imaging in three standard LV short-axis views were acquired with different pacing patterns in a randomized sequence in three complete cardiac cycles. Parameters including peak RD, peak RD time(RD-Tc) ,the standard deviation of TC(RD-TSD) of 12 segments and their myocardial layers(subend,mid,subepi) were measured and analyzed using TDI-Q workstation. Results ① There were no significant differences of peak RD between three myocardial layers of LV wall in each different pacing pattern group;There were no significant difference of peak RD from segments and transmural layers among the different LV pacing patterns. ②With acute myocardial ischemia the RD correlation of LV lateral pacing( LVL-P) and LV border pacing(LVB-P) patterns were higher than that of LV apical pacing(LVA-P) pattern between global segment and its subend, mid, subepi. ③ RD-Tc of 12 LV segments and their subend, mid, subepi appeared after T wave and there were no significant differences of RD-Tc among different LV pacing patterns. ④RD-TSD of the corresponding segments during LVL-P,LVA-P and LVB-P patterns were significant lower than those during acute yocardial ischemia(P<0. 05). Conclusions The existed RD correlation of LVA-P between subend.mid, subepi and the segment were lowest among the different ischemic LV pacing patterns; the synchronization of transmural RD could be recovered partly with LVL-P, LVA-P and LVB-P patterns. The echocardiographic study of LV transmural RD might be useful to reveal the segmental and the transmural myocardial mechanical state with different LV pacing patterns during acute ischemia in detail.