中国黑瞎子岛吸血双翅目昆虫调查研究

目的调查黑龙江省抚远县黑瞎子岛吸血双翅目昆虫蚊、蠓、虻的种群构成,主要种群的昼夜数量动态。方法采用人帐诱、诱虫灯诱和网捕法采集蚊、蠓、虻。结果在黑瞎子岛采获蚊、蠓、虻37 272只,经分类鉴定,其中蚊科4属10种,优势种群为刺扰伊蚊(94.68%);蠓科2属5种,优势种为刺螫库蠓(84.69%);虻科5属15种,优势种群为骚扰黄虻(29.84%)和土灰虻(23.90%)。不同月份的蚊种组成有所不同。4种主要蚊种昼夜24h的数量动态观察结果表明,活动时间为刺扰伊蚊24h,叮刺伊蚊在3:00AM~21:00PM,凶小库蚊在6:00AM~20:00PM,中华按蚊在19:00PM~3:00AM;高峰期,刺扰伊蚊在3:00AM和20:00PM出现2次高峰;凶小库蚊在17:00PM,叮刺伊蚊在18:00PM和中华按蚊在21:00PM仅出现1次高峰。6种主要虻种1日活动时间在4:00AM~19:00PM;土灰虻、骚扰黄虻和黑胫黄虻均14:00PM,霍氏黄虻在15:00PM,雁虻在16:00PM,原野虻在18:00PM出现1次高峰。结论此次调查为黑龙江省黑瞎子岛吸血蚊、蠓、虻种群构成、种群动态研究和防治提供了参考依据。

Investigation on diptera insect of bloodsucking in Heixiazi Island

Objective To investigate the community composition and numbers variation of predominan community of mosquitoes, midges and horseflies in Heixiazi Island of Fuyuan county in Heilongjiang province. Methods Human-baited net traps, light traps and insect nets were used to capture mosquitoes, midges and horseflies. Results A total of 37 272 diptera insects of bloodsucking were captured and identified, which belonged to family Culicidae 4 genera 10 species, family Ceratopogonidae 2 genera 5 species,and family Tabanidae 5 genera 15 species. The predominan community were Aedes vaxans （94.68%）, Culicoides punctatus （84.69%）, Atylotus miser （29.84%） and Tabanus griseinus （23.90%）, respectively. The predominant community composition of mosquitoes varied in different months. Numbers variation of 4 species mosquitoes within 24 h showed that active houres were Aedes vexans within 24 h, Aedes sticticus at 3：00AM to 21：00PM, Culex modestus at 6：00AM to 20：00PM, and Anopheles sinensis at 19：00PM to 3：00AM; Two peaks were appeared for Aedes vexans at 3：00AM and 20：00PM, only one peak for Culex modestus at 17： 00PM, Aedes sticticus at 18：00PM, and Anopheles sinensis at 21：00PM within 24 h. Active hours of 6 species horseflies were during 4：00AM~19：00PM in a day. Only one peak showed at 14：00PM for Tabanus griseinus, Atylotus miser and Atylotus rusticus; at 15：00PM for Atylotus horvathi; at 16：00PM for Tabanus pleskei; and at 18＂00PM for Tabanus amaenus. Conclusion The investigation provides the referencing basis for the study on community composition, numbers variation of community, and control of diptera insect of bloodsucking in Heixiazi Island of Heilongjiang province.