西藏南部边境地区吸血蠓的生态研究(双翅目:蠓科)

目的 研究西藏南部边境地区吸血蠓的生态习性。方法 人帐诱、诱虫灯诱和挥网法采集蠓。结果 在西藏南部边境5县采获吸血蠓3属65种，其中察隅县30种，聂拉木县26种，错那县24种，定日县10种，亚东县7种。优势种群为西藏库蠓(53．0％)和多斑库蠓(40．1％)。不同场所、海拔高度和季节其种属组成有所不同。多斑库蠓和西藏库蠓的活动季节均达14旬，多斑库蠓在整个活毒季节出现2次高峰，两藏库蠓仅出现1次高峰。多斑库蠓和西藏库蠓昼夜24h均有刺叮活动，在日出和日落前后1～2h出现晨、昏2次活动高峰。顶端库蠓为白天活动，在11时和16时出现2次刺叮活动高峰。结论 所获资料为该地区吸血蠓的生态研究奠定了理论基础。

Ecological Study of Blood-Sucking Midges from Southern Frontiers of Tibet in China

Objective To study on ecological circumstance of blood-sucking midges from southern frontiers of Tibet in China. Methods Bed-curtain, light trap and insect net were used to collect midges. Results 65 species,3 genera were collected from 5 counties of southern frontiers of Tibet in China; 30 species were collected from Chayu county, 26 species from Nielamu county, 24 species from Cuona county, 10 species from Dingri county and 7 species from Yadong county. The dominant species were Culicoides tibetensis( 53.0%)and C.maculatus( 40.1%). The composition of species varied with different places, altitudes and seasons. The active durations were 140 days for C.maculatus and C.tibetensis. During active seasons, there were two peaks for C.maculatus, and only 1 peak for C.tibetensis.The 2 peaks of C.maculatus and C.tibetensis appeared at 1-2 hour before or after sunrise and sunset within 24 hours. C.horridud had 2 peaks at 11 O'clock and 16 O'clock within daytime. Conclusion This study provided ecological basis of sucking-blood midges from southern frontiers of Tibet in China.