肝硬化并发食管静脉曲张破裂出血风险、诱因分析和预见性护理

目的探讨肝硬化并发食管静脉曲张破裂出血（EVB）风险和诱因及其预见性护理方法。方法收集202例肝硬化门脉高压症住院病例的临床资料，对照分析影响出血的危险因素指标，统计导致出血的诱因，从而总结有关预见性护理方法。结果肝硬化病程、门静脉主干和脾静脉直径、食管静脉曲张程度和红色征是出血的高危因素，出血组有诱因可查的比例为62％（68／112），以饮食不当为最主要诱因。结论识别肝硬化并发EVB的危险因素和诱因，有利于针对高危患者采取预见性护理措施。

Analysis on the risk and predisposing factors of esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and its predictive nursing

Objective To determine the risk and predisposing factors of esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with hepatic cirrhosis and its predictive nursing. Methods Based on the clinical data of 202 patients with portal hypertension of hepatic cirrhosis , a retrospective multivariate data analysis with the risk and predisposing factors of esophageal variceal bleeding and its predictive nursing was performed. Results The results showed that the duration of cirrhosis, the width of inner diameter of portal and splenetic vein and red sign predicts high risk for esophageal variceal bleeding in patients with hepatic cirrhosis. 60% patients with bleeding had predisposing factors, especially improper diet. Conclusions Observing the risk and predisposing factors of esophageal variceal bleeding is important to provide predictive nursing in patients with portal hypertension of hepatic cirrhosis.