网络成瘾治疗单元的概述

随着互联网的飞速发展，网络成瘾的青少年逐渐增多，网络成瘾严重影响青少年身心健康的成长，成为社会的一大难题，引起了医学家、心理学家、社会学家等的重视，并成为一项极其具有挑战性的工作。多数学者把网络成瘾称为“网络成瘾综合征（intemet addiction disorder，IAD）”，网络成瘾又称病理性互联网使用（pathological internet use，PIU），临床表现为：对网络有一种心理上的依赖感，不断增加上网时间；从上网行为中获得愉快与满足，下网后烦躁不安感；在现实生活中花很少的时间参与社会活动及他人交往；以网上虚拟空间来逃避现实生活环境；

A description on the Chinese national nutrition and health survey in 2002

Objective To describe t he status of nutrition and healt h related indices in the Chinese population. Methods A stratified multi-tage cluster sampling was used from 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities. The survey was done in 2002 ,including data gathered from questionnaires, interviews,physical examinations, measurement of biochemical indices, and dietary investigation. Results Cereals accounted for 48.5 % of all the sources of energy in urban and 61.4% in rural populations. Daily mean percentages of calories for total fat were 35.0% in urban and 27.5% in rural areas. The prevalence rates of stunting and underweight were 14.3% and 7.8% respectively in young children under 5-year-old. The prevalence of vitamin A deficiency was 9.3% in Chinese children aged 3-12 years old. The total prevalence of anemia was 15.2% in general population of all ages. The prevalence of anemia in young adults was significantly higher in women than in men. The total prevalence rates of overweight and obesity were 17.6% and 5.6%, respectively. The prevalence rates of hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesteremia, hypertriglyceridemia, or low serum high density lipoprotein cholesterol were 18.8%, 2.6%, 2.9%, 11.9%, 7.4% respectively in Chinese adults aged 18 and over. The rates of awareness, treatment, and under control among hypertensives were 30.2%,24.7%, and 25.0%, respectively. Significant regional and age differences were revealed in the dietary habit and the prevalence of various diseases. The prevalence of diseases associated with malnutrition were higher in rural than in urban areas. In contrast, the prevalence of conditions associated with overconsumption and inappropriate dietary patterns were higher in urban than in rural populations. Conclusion Chinese people were currently suffering from both problems on nutrition related issues and burdens of diseases which were characterized in nutrient deficiencies and overconsumption, malnutrition and noncommunicable conditions associated with overconsumption and inappropriate diet. The difference of nutrition and health status between rural and urban people was also seen.