新疆兵团参加营养改善计划农村小学生生长发育状况分析

目的 通过对新疆兵团参加营养改善计划义务教育小学生的身体发育状况分析,探讨影响其成长发育的因素,提出营养干预合理改进意见,促进本地区小学生健康。方法 整群抽样获得研究对象,记录其基本信息并测量身高体重,将数据录入Excel软件,计算相应体质指数(BMI)并与2010年全国学生体质调研资料进行比较评价,数据分析采用SPSS 21.0进行。结果 调查总人数4 507人,超重肥胖检出率男生高于女生(P<0.001);6岁组和7岁组超重肥胖检出率最高(P<0.001);不同学年比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。消瘦检出率男生高于女生(P=0.003);12岁组最高(P=0.015);2014-2015学年最高(P<0.001)。生长迟滞检出率男女生差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);13岁组最高(P<0.001);2012-2013学年最高(P<0.001)。结论 新疆兵团农村地区义务教育学生营养不均衡严重,男生较女生更易出现超重肥胖及营养不良,应作为重点关注对象,超重肥胖更易发生在低年龄组,而营养不良易发生在高年龄组。

Growth and development analysis of primary school students who join Nutrition Improvement Program in Xinjiang Corps rural

Objective To analyse physical development of compulsory primary students who participated in nutrition improvement program in Xinjiang Corps,to explore factors affecting the growth and development and propose reasonable nutrition intervention improvements opinion,to promote primary students' health in Region. Methods The sample was obtained by cluster sampling study,the basic information was recorded and height and weight were measured,The data were inputted to Excel software and the corresponding BMI values were calculated,and compared with the 2010 National Student Physical Fitness and evaluated using SPSS 21.0. Results The total of 4 507 people were surveyed.The prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys was higher than that of girls (P<0.001);The prevalence of 6-year-old group and 7-year-old group was the highest (P<0.001); The difference of different academic year was not statistically significant (P>0.05).Detection rate of wasting in boys was higher than that of girls (P=0.003);12-year-old group (P=0.015) and 2014-2015 school year were the highest (P<0.001).Detection rate of growth retardation in different gender,the difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05);13-year-old group (P<0.001) and 2012-2013 school year were the highest (P<0.001). Conclusion Xinjiang Corps rural compulsory education students nutritional imbalance seriously overweight boys than girls are more vulnerable to malnutrition and obesity,should be the main object of attention,more likely to overweight and obesity in low-age group,prone to malnutrition in the high-age group.