妊娠期高血压对胎儿及新生儿的影响

妊娠期高血压疾病是一种妊娠期常见的特发性疾病,严重影响母胎安全,也是影响胎儿及新生儿生长发育重要因素之一。妊娠期高血压所致的胎盘功能减退,可引起胎儿宫内生长迟缓、死胎、死产或早产、窒息等多种合并症,且对新生儿各个器官均有不同程度的损伤。妊娠期高血压疾病也可通过对胎儿神经系统的影响而引起儿童远期认知的不良结局。积极使用降压药物虽然可以降低孕妇血压,但是无论是降压药物本身和降压的速度是否得当都可能对胎儿及新生儿有潜在风险。故产儿科医生应当对妊娠期高血压足够重视,定时做产前及孕期检查,及早发现及预防妊娠高血压疾病,合理评估治疗高血压对胎儿及新生儿的影响,争取将妊娠高血压疾病对胎儿及新生儿的不良影响降到最低。

Effects of hypertension on fetus and newborn during pregnancy

The pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome is a kind of common idiopathic disease.It is also one of the important factors influencing fetal and neonatal growth.Placental function loss caused by pregnancy-induced hypertension syndrome can lead to fetal intrauterine growth retardation,stillbirth,or premature delivery,asphyxia,and other complications,and have damage to the newborn organs.Active using of antihypertensive drugs can lower the pregnant woman blood pressure,but also has potential risks for fetuses and neonates.Therefore obstetrician and pediatrician should pay enough attention to hypertension,regular antenatal examination,early detection and prevention of pregnancy-induced hypertension.Also assessment of the impact on the fetuses and neonates,should be conducted in order to lower the adverse effects of fetuses.