0～5岁住院儿童营养状况及影响因素分析

目的分析西藏自治区昌都市人民医院5岁以下住院儿童营养不良和贫血状况及其影响因素,为制定儿童营养相关策略和政策提供科学依据。方法采用整群随机抽取法抽取1 208名住院儿童,用Z评分法和血红蛋白值评价儿童营养和贫血状况,用Logistic回归分析可能的影响因素,运用SPSS 13.0软件进行统计学分析。结果住院儿童的生长迟缓率为12.2%、低体重率为8.2%、消瘦率为6.8%、贫血率为20.2%,儿童生长迟缓率、低体重率、消瘦率和贫血率在各月龄组间差异均有统计学意义(P0.01),其中24~36月龄组生长迟缓率最高,低体重率、消瘦率和贫血率的患病高峰在6~12月龄,各月龄组性别间差异均无统计学意义(P0.05)。多因素分析结果表明,儿童生长迟缓的影响因素是出生体重(OR=1.001),低体重的影响因素有月龄(OR=1.018)、出生体重(OR=1.001),消瘦的影响因素有月龄(OR=1.052)和出生体重(OR=1.001),贫血的影响因素为月龄(OR=1.028)。结论西藏自治区昌都市人民医院5岁以下住院儿童营养不良和贫血状况仍然较为严重,应针对各年龄段儿童营养不良状况特点制定相应干预措施,从而改善当地儿童营养健康状况。

Nutritional status and influence factors of 0 to 5 years old children in hospital

Objective To analyse of the Tibet autonomous region children under the age of five malnutrition and anemia status and its influencing factors in Changdou people's Hospital,and to provide scientific evidence for children nutrition related policy and strategy. Methods Totally 1 208 hospitalized children were extracted using cluster random sample method,child nutrition and anemia condition by the Z score method and hemoglobin value evaluation were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis of possible influence factors,SPSS13.0 was used to software for statistical analysis. Results The growth of children hospitalized delay rate of 12.2%,low weight at a rate of 8.2%,angular rate of 6.8%,anaemia of 20.2%,children's growth delay rate,low rate of weight,angular rate and anaemia in various months between group differences were statistically significant (P<0.01),of which 24~36 months of age group delay rate,the highest growth rate of low weight,angular rate and the peak of the disease by anaemia in 6~12 months of age,gender differences between every months of age group were no statistical significance (P>0.05).Multi-factor analysis results showed that the influence factors of children's growth retardation was birth weight (OR=1.001),the influence factors of low birth weight had months of age (OR=1.018),birth weight (OR=1.001),the influence factors of thin have months of age (OR=1.052) and birth weight (OR=1.001),the influence factors of anemia for months (OR=1.028). Conclusion The Tibet autonomous region to prosperous city people's hospital of malnutrition in hospitalized children under five years old,and still more severe anemia condition,should be for all ages child malnutrition status characteristic formulation corresponding intervention measures,so as to improve the nutrition and health condition of local children.