连云港市城区儿童哮喘流行病学调查

目的 调查连云港市城区3～14岁儿童支气管哮喘(简称哮喘)的流行现状。方法 整群随机抽样9 612名儿童,发放初筛调查问卷,可疑对象予确诊,采用SPSS 19.0软件统计分析结果。结果 连云港城区3～14岁儿童哮喘患病率为4.2%,其中男5.01%,女3.28%,天气变化或接触冷空气是本地区儿童哮喘恶化的主要原因。哮喘组中家具合成板为主以及父亲吸烟的几率明显大于对照组(P＜0.05)。哮喘诊断前β内酰胺类使用率达80.60%。仅47.01%的家庭表示完全能够承受治疗费用,33.58%的患儿每年影响学习时间超过10d,5.97%的患儿从不参加体育活动。结论 连云港地区3～14岁儿童哮喘患病率高于全国水平,生活环境及方式有待改善,及时诊断、合理用药和规范治疗是防治关键。

Epidemiological investigation of childhood asthma in Lianyungang

Objective To investigate the prevalence of asthma in children aged 3 to 14 years in Lianyungang. Methods A total of 9 612 children were selected by distributed cluster random sampling and investigated by screening questionnaire.The Results were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results The prevalence of asthma among children aged 3 to 14 in Lianyungang city was about 4.2%.The prevalence rate of male was about 5.01% and the prevalence rate was about 3.28%.Weather change or exposure to cold air was the main cause of asthma exacerbation in children in this region.Synthetic board furniture was given priority to asthma group and prevalence of father smoking was significantly greater than the control group (P<0.05).The utilization rate of β-lactam antibiotics before asthma diagnosis was 80.60%.Only 47.01% of families indicated that they were fully able to bear the cost of treatment.33.58% of children indicated that asthma affected their learning time more than 10 days each year,and 5.97% of the children never participated in sports activities. Conclusions The prevalence of asthma in children aged 3 to 14 years old in Lianyungang is higher than that of the national average prevalence.The improvement of living environment and style,timely diagnosis,rational use of drugs and standard treatment are keys to prevention and control of asthma.