哈尔滨市城区某校初中生维生素D水平及影响因素分析

目的 了解哈尔滨市城区初中生维生素D(Vit D)缺乏的流行现状,并探究其影响因素,为本地区青少年Vit D缺乏的干预提供理论依据。方法 抽取哈尔滨市城区某中学6～8年级的所有学生,对其进行血清Vit D指标含量的测定及自拟问卷调查。结果 本次共调查565名初中生,血清25-(OH)D平均水平为(15.25±6.98)ng/ml,Vit D严重缺乏率、缺乏率、不足率以及充足率分别为19.47%、62.12%、16.28%和 2.12%。人口学特征分析显示,女生、年龄较低以及父母受教育程度较低的学生,其血清25-(OH)D水平相对较低,而Vit D缺乏率相对较高,差异均具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。Vit D的来源情况分析显示,25.31%的学生每天补充Vit D制剂,但其中只有18.18%的学生补充量超过600 U/d;36.46%的学生每日饮奶量超过250 ml;74.87%的学生每日户外活动时间超过30 min。经常饮奶、饮奶量较多以及每日户外活动时间较长的学生血清25-(OH)D水平较高,差异具有统计学意义(P＜0.05)。多元线性回归分析显示,男性、年龄越大、父母受教育程度越高、每日户外活动时间越长的学生血清25-(OH)D水平越高。结论 哈尔滨城区青少年Vit D缺乏状况较为严重,影响因素较多。亟需及早采取有效措施,以改善本地区Vit D缺乏的流行现状。

Vitamin D status and influencing factors of junior school students in Harbin City

Objective To describe the prevalence of vitamin D (Vit D) deficiency in adolescents in Harbin city,and to analyze the influencing factors,in order to provide theoretical basis for Vit D deficiency intervention in adolescents from local area. Methods The level of serum Vit D was measured and questionnaires were filled out by students of grade 6~8 in a middle school of Harbin City. Results A total of 565 middle school students were enrolled in this study.The level of serum 25-(OH)D was (15.25±6.98) ng/ml,the prevalence of Vit D severe deficiency,deficiency,insufficiency and sufficiency were 19.47%,62.12%,16.28% and 2.12% respectively.Demographic characteristics analysis showed that students who were girls or lower age,or lower parents education level had lower serum 25-(OH)D levels and higher Vit D deficiency prevalence,and the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05).Analysis of the source of Vit D showed that 25.31% of students had daily extra Vit D supplements,but only 18.18% took more than 600 U/d; 36.46% of students had daily milk drinking more than 250 ml; 74.87% of students did daily outdoor activities more than 30 minutes.Students with frequent milk drinking,more milk intake and longer daily time activities outdoors had higher serum 25-(OH)D level,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).Multiple linear regression analysis showed that male students,elder age students,students with higher education level of parents and longer daily time activity outdoors had higher serum 25-(OH)D level. Conclusions The status of Vit D deficiency in adolescents in Harbin city is serious,and the influencing factors are complex.It is urgent to take effective measures to improve the regional epidemic status of Vit D deficiency.