农村贫困儿童行为问题及家庭影响因素分析

目的 调查陕西关中农村两贫困县儿童的行为问题及家庭影响因素,为儿童健康成长提供参考依据。方法 采用随机抽样方法,于2016年5月选取陕西关中两贫困县在校小学生1 000名,用Conners行为问卷进行调查,并对结果完整的836例问卷进行统计分析。结果 1)不同年级儿童在品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动及焦虑方面差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中,四、五年级儿童在品行问题和焦虑两因子得分上,四、六年级儿童在学习问题和冲动-多动两因子得分上,五、六年级儿童在品行问题、学习问题、冲动-多动和焦虑因子得分上差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。2)男童在心身问题和焦虑两因子得分上高于女童(P<0.01)。3)不同经济状况儿童在学习问题和冲动-多动因子上比较,差异有统计学意义(P均<0.05)。其中,学习问题因子上贫困家庭儿童得分较家庭经济一般和较好的儿童均高,冲动-多动因子上家庭贫困儿童得分高于家庭较好儿童。4)母亲不同文化程度儿童在焦虑因子得分比较差异有统计学意义(F=3.321,P<0.05)。其中,母亲小学文化程度的儿童焦虑得分高于母亲大学文化程度儿童。结论 陕西关中农村贫困学龄儿童存在一定的行为问题,家庭影响因素不可忽视,应该引起学龄儿童家长们的重视。

Analysis of behavioral problems and family effect factors of children in the rural poor area,Shaanxi plain

Objective To study on behavioral problems and family effect factors of poor children in the rural area,Shaanxi plain,and in order to provide reference foundation for the healthy growth of children. Methods By random sampling,1 000 poor students of grade 4~6 in the rural area Shaanxi plain were collected by the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University.Among them,836 subjects were investigated by Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ). Results 1) There were differences in scores of conduct problem,study problem,impulse-activities and anxiety in different grades (P<0.05).Among them,differences existed in scores of conduct problem and anxiety between grade 4 and grade 5,in scores of study problem and impulse-activities between grade 4 and grade 6,in scores of conduct problem,study problem,impulse-activities and anxiety between grade 4 and grade 6(all P<0.05).2) The scores of psychophysical problem and anxiety in boys were higher than those of girls (P<0.01).3) There were differences in scores of study problem and impulse-activities in different economic levels (all P<0.05).Of them,the score of study problem in poor family was higher than that better and common family,also higher in impulse-activitie than good family.4) Differences existed in scores of anxiety in different culture levels (F=3.321,P<0.05),and the score of mother with primary school education was higher than that of mother with university education. Conclusions Behavioral problems exist in children in the rural poor area,Shaanxi plain,and family factors can not be ignored .So much attention should be paid to school-age children` parents.