湖北省贫困地区6～24月龄婴幼儿贫血状况及其影响因素分析

目的了解湖北省贫困地区婴幼儿贫血状况及其影响因素,为改善当地婴幼儿贫血状况提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段PPS抽样方法对湖北省贫困地区6~24月龄婴幼儿的看护人进行问卷调查,并检测婴幼儿血红蛋白含量。采用χ~2检验进行率之间的比较,多元Logistic回归分析影响因素。结果共调查2 675名婴幼儿,其中571人贫血,贫血检出率为21.3%。男、女贫血检出率分别为22.9%、19.5%,不同性别间检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。6~11、12~17、18~24月龄婴幼儿贫血检出率分别为30.9%、20.5%、11.7%,不同月龄间贫血检出率差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。6~11月龄婴幼儿中,性别为男、出生时低体重、看护人喂养知识知晓率低于60%、家中5岁以下儿童≥2个,其贫血检出率较高(P0.05)。12~17月龄婴幼儿中,看护人喂养知识知晓率低于60%、家中5岁以下儿童≥2个,其贫血检出率较高(P0.05)。结论湖北省贫困地区6~24月龄婴幼儿贫血问题仍较为突出,应对不同月龄段的婴幼儿采取不同的健康教育和干预措施,以更好地促进婴幼儿健康发展。

Prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among infants and young children aged 6~24 months in poor areas of Hubei Province

Objective To analyze the prevalence of anemia and its associated factors among infants and young children aged 6~24 months in poor areas of Hubei Province,and to provide basis for improving anemia status of them. Methods Multi-staged PPS sampling was adopted in this study.Caregivers of the infants and young children were surveyed with a questionnaire and the children's hemoglobin was also measured.Chi-square was used to analyze ratios and Multivariate Logistic regression was used to analyze the associated factors. Results A total of 2 675 infants and young children aged 6~24 months were investigated and 571 of them were diagnosed with anemia.The prevalence of anemia was 21.3%.The prevalence in boys and girls were 22.9% and 19.5%,respectively,and there was significant difference between gender (P<0.05).The prevalence in infants aged 6~11 months,young children aged 12~17 months and 18~24 months were 30.9%,20.5%,11.7%,respectively,there was also significant difference between them (P<0.05).Infant aged 6~11 months who was boy,low-birth weight,the caregiver's knowledge rate about anemia was lower than 60%,the family had more than two children who were under 5 years old might have higher prevalence of anemia (P<0.05).Young children aged 12~17 months whose caregiver's knowledge rate about anemia was lower than 60%,the family had more than two children who were under 5 years old might have higher prevalence of anemia (P<0.05). Conclusions Anemia is still an outstanding issue in infants and young children aged 6~24 months in poor areas of Hubei Province.Different health education programs and intervention policies should be adopted according to different age period for their better health development.