深圳地区6～13岁健康儿童体格匀称性指标调查

目的通过调查深圳地区6~13岁健康儿童的体格匀称性指标,以协助体格匀称性的判断。方法采取随机整群抽样方法,调查深圳市4所学校6~13岁儿童的体格匀称性。将男、女各分7个年龄组,由内分泌专科医师测量身高、体重、坐高(顶臀长)、指距,计算其坐高/身高、指距/身高、(下肢长+指距)/坐高三项指标。结果 1)共调查3 212人,剔除451人,纳入2 761人(男1 400人、女1 361人,其中汉族2 670人,占96.7%,少数民族91人,共有18个少数民族);分性别各年龄组人数在67~333。2)随着年龄的增长,男童指距/身高、(下肢长+指距)/坐高分别从(0.97±0.02)cm和(2.56±0.11)cm增高到(0.99±0.02)cm和(2.80±0.11)cm;女童指距/身高、(下肢长+指距)/坐高分别从(0.96±0.02)cm和(2.57±0.09)cm增高到(0.99±0.02)cm和(2.76±0.10)cm,男女儿童的坐高/身高均从(0.55±0.01)cm减低到(0.52±0.01)cm。3)12~13岁组男童的坐高/身高的均数低于女童(P0.01);11~12岁组及12~13岁组男童的(下肢长+指距)/坐高的均数高于女童(P均0.01);7~8岁、8~9岁及9~10岁组男童的指距/身高的均数高于女童(P均0.05)。结论体格匀称性的判断对矮身材病因鉴别很关键,此次调查的结果可作为深圳地区6-13岁健康儿童体格匀称性判断的参考。

Measurements of physical symmetry indexes for healthy children in Shenzhen aged 6~13 years old

Objective To assist the estimations of body proportions by measuring the physical symmetry indexes of 6~13 years old healthy children in Shenzhen. Methods Four primary schools were chosen by random cluster sampling method.The children were divided into 7 age groups of each gender.Measurements of height,weight,sitting height,arm span were carried out by endocrinologists.The ratio of sitting height /height,arm span /height and Extremities-trunk were calculated. Results 1) Totally 3 212 children underwent body measurements,451 were excluded,2 761 were included.There were 1 400 boys and 1 361 girls included,including 2 670 ethnic Han that accounted for 96.7%.There were 91 children from 18 minorities.The number of each age group were ranged from 67 to 333.2) As the age growing from 6 to 13,the ratio of arm span/height and extremities-trunk of boys were increased from (0.97±0.02)cm and (2.56±0.11)cm to (0.97±0.02)cm and (2.80±0.11)cm respectively.Those of girls were increased from (0.96±0.02)cm and (2.57±0.09)cm to (0.96±0.02)cm and (2.57±0.10)cm respectively.The ratio of sitting height/height was decreased from (0.55±0.01)cm to (0.52±0.01)cm.3)The mean proportion of sitting height/height was significantly lower in boys compared with girls at the age of 12~13 years old (P＜0.01);The mean proportion of extremities-trunk ratio was significantly higher in boys compared with girls at the age of 11~12 years old and 12~13 years old(P＜0.01);the mean proportion of arm span/height was significantly higher in boys compared with girls at the age of 7~10 years old (P＜0.05). Conclusion The results of this study can help with the judgments of body proportions of healthy children in Shenzhen aged of 6~13 years old.