北京市西城区广场集体健身运动参与者的运动现况调查

目的 了解广场集体健身运动参与者的运动习惯、需求及其对健康的自我评价，有针对性地提出深入推进广场集体健身运动的政策建议。方法 在北京市西城区随机抽取2个公园和4个社区，于2015年4月对遇到的广场集体健身运动参与者开展调查。结果 共调查222人，男性比例很少（约占17.6%）。参与运动后明显感觉到精力充沛者占82.9%，其次是心情变好（76.6%）、睡眠变好（65.3%）、朋友变多（52.7%）以及去医院次数减少（50.5%）。体质指数（body mass index，BMI）均值从参与前的24.6 kg/m²降到23.8 kg/m²（t=7.6，P<0.001）。超重比例由参与前的39.6%降到33.3%（χ²=1.9，P=0.168），肥胖比例由参与前的13.5%降到7.7%（χ²=4.0，P=0.045）。64.9%的参与者在雾霾天仍然坚持运动，另外还有饭后1 h内运动（29.3%）、空腹运动（20.7%）、穿高跟鞋（13.5%）以及穿紧身裤（14.4%）等不良运动习惯。21.2%的公园参与者和53.0%的社区参与者认为场地缺乏。结论 广场集体健身运动对居民身心健康具有积极的影响，建议政府部门开展宣传，促进更多的男性参与广场集体健身运动，并组织专家进行指导以减少在雾霾天运动、空腹运动和穿高跟鞋运动等不良运动习惯。

Investigation on group exercise in parks and communities in Xicheng District of Beijing

Objective To investigate the habit, demand and self-assessment of health of some participants and provide evidence for policy decision. Methods Two parks and four communities were selected randomly. Group exercise participants were interviewed face to face with anonymous questionnaire in April 2015. Results Totally 222 participants were interviewed. The proportion of male was low (17.6%).Comparing to health condition before taking part in group exercise, most participants felt more energetic(82.9%), better mood(76.6%), better sleep (65.3%),having more friends (52.7%),less hospital visits(50.5%) and the mean of BMI declined from 24.6 kg/m2 to 23.8 kg/m2(t=7.6, P<0.001). After joining group exercise, the proportion of overweight declined from previous 39.6% to current 33.3% (χ2=1.9, P=0.168) and the proportion of obese declined from 13.5% to 7.7% (χ2=4.0, P=0.045).64.9% participants stuck to exercise in smog day. Some other bad habits still existed such as exercise on an empty stomach (20.7%), wearing high heels (13.5%) and skin-tight pants (14.4%). 21.2% participants in parks and 53.0% participants in communities thought exercise space was not enough. Conclusions Group exercise had a positive impact to participants' physical and mental health. Governments should advocate group exercise and encourage more men to participate such exercise. The government should organize experts to provide professional instruction for participants so they can fully benefit from such exercise.