HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会规范认知、高危行为的差异及抑郁状况

目的 探讨HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会规范认知和高危行为之间的差异对其心理抑郁状况的影响。方法 通过方便抽样法，采用自行编制的调查问卷，对450例HIV感染者/AIDS患者的抑郁状况及影响因素进行调查。抑郁状况采用流行病调查中心抑郁量表（center for epidemiologic studies depression scale, CES-D）测量，CES-D量表得分>19分为抑郁。单因素分析采用χ²检验或t检验，多因素分析采用Logistic回归分析方法。结果 406位有效调查对象的平均抑郁得分为（16.1±11.5）分，36.9%（150/406）的调查对象处于抑郁状态。广州户籍（OR=2.260, 95% CI：1.177～4.340）、较低水平的社会支持（OR=0.985, 95% CI：0.974～0.996）、较低水平的心理弹性（OR=0.897, 95% CI：0.862～0.933）和较高水平的耻辱感（OR=1.089, 95% CI：1.052～1.128）是HIV感染者/AIDS患者抑郁的危险因素；AIDS患者自身使用安全套的行为比他的社会规范认知更好是HIV感染者/AIDS患者抑郁的保护因素（OR=0.290, 95% CI=0.094～0.894）。结论 广州市HIV感染者/AIDS患者社会规范认知与高危行为的差异是其抑郁的影响因素。

Study on the difference of social norms and risk behaviors and depression among people living with HIV/AIDS

Objective To explore the relationship between depression and the difference of social norms and risk behaviors among people living with HIV/AIDS. Methods Convenient sampling method and self-designed questionnaire were adopted. We utilized the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D) to assess the depression status of the 450 HIV/AIDS patients. The score of CES-D greater than 19 was regarded as depression. Multiple stepwise regression was used for multivariate logistic regression. Results The average score of depression of the 406 HIV/AIDS patients was 16.1±11.5, and 36.9% of the respondents were in the depressive status. The multivariate logistic regression indicated that Guangzhou household registration (OR=2.260, 95% CI: 1.177-4.340), low level of social support (OR=0.985, 95% CI: 0.974-0.996), low level of resilience (OR=0.897, 95% CI: 0.862-0.933) and high level of stigma (OR=1.089, 95% CI: 1.052-1.128) were the risk factors of depression. The difference between social norms and his own condom use behavior was a protective factor of depression (OR=0.290, 95% CI: 0.094-0.894). Conclusion The difference between social norms and risk behaviors is an influencing factor of depression.