人乳头瘤病毒免疫逃避研究进展

人乳头瘤病毒感染后可引起感染部位疣、癌等病变。绝大多数感染者会在4～20个月内清除体内的人乳头瘤病毒（human papillomavirus，HPV），少部分感染者体内将会有病毒持续存在并可能导致癌前损伤及癌变。机体不能成功清除HPV及感染的细胞，是宿主和病毒等多因素共同作用的结果，其中宿主免疫状态对于HPV转归结局的影响尤为重要。HPV逃避宿主免疫攻击引发的病毒清除障碍是HPV持续感染的关键。

Research progress of human papilloma virus immune evasion mechanisms

Human papilloma virus infection can cause warts at infected site, cancer and other pathological changes. Most people can eliminate the virus in 4-20 months after exposure to HPV, however, the virus may continue existing in the body andlead to precancerous lesions and cancer in a small number of people. The discrepant outcomes of HPV infection depend on multiple factors, especially the interactions between host defense and virus, whereby an effective host immune response is particularly important.HPV escape from the host immune system is the key point of HPV persistence. In this review, we summarize relevant mechanisms of the evasion of the host immune system after HPV virus infection.